Responses to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection are largely individual and cell type specific. We investigated molecular profiles in 2 primary cell cultures of human fibroblasts, which are highly or marginally sensitive to HCMV infection, respectively. We screened expression of genes and microRNAs (miRs) at the early (3 hours) stage of infection. To assess molecular pathway activation profiles, we applied bioinformatic algorithms OncoFinder and MiRImpact. In both cell types, pathway regulation properties at mRNA and miR levels were markedly different. Surprisingly, in the infected highly sensitive cells, we observed a "freeze" of miR expression profiles compared to uninfected controls. Our results evidence that in the sensitive cells, HCMV blocks intracellular regulation of microRNA expression already at the earliest stage of infection. These data suggest somewhat new functions for HCMV products and demonstrate dependence of miR expression arrest on the host-encoded factors.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), with signs of Kawasaki disease (KD) and toxic shock syndrome, well-defined diagnostic criteria, is the most severe manifestation of COVID-19 in pediatric patients. MIS-C is analogous to the cytokine storm in children with COVID-19. The article presents a clinical observation of a child with MIS-C with a lethal outcome. Clinical and anamnestic data, the results of laboratory and instrumental research allowed to diagnose MIS-C in a 2-year-old girl with full KD form. Autopsy results, detailed microscopic examination, which revealed systemic vasculitis of small and mediumsized vessels, inflammatory infiltrates in different organs, are presented, clinical and morphological comparisons are made.

Background. Lymphangiomas are non-specific malformations that develop from the lymphatic vessels. Usually, the disease is asymptomatic, but there may be complications requiring emergency care. In the literature there is no consensus about the method of choice in the treatment of these formations. Description of A Case Series. The article is devoted to the evaluation of the efficacy of surgical treatment of lymphangiomas in children. There are also several clinical cases showing mediastinal lymphangioma with a clinical picture of respiratory failure, lymphangioma of the abdominal cavity, imitating the symptoms of an acute abdomen and lymphangioma of a rare anatomical localization. The results of treatment of 48 children for the period from 2008 to 2017 were analyzed at «Morozov Children Municipal Clinical Hospital» (Moscow). The basis of treatment was the removal of education within healthy tissues. When the radical intervention was impossible in 5 (10.4%) children we used resection of the tumor with sparing coagulation of the surface of the formation. Infectious complications arose in 3 (6.3%), lymphorrhea — in 13 (27.1%) patients. Recurrences of lymphangiomas developed in 2 (4.2%) patients. In the case of lymphorrhea, expectant management and parenteral nutrition were used. The repeated operations were performed with recurrences. The catamnesis ranges from 6 months to 10 years. Conclusion. Radical removal of lymphangiomas of internal organs can be recommended to children of any age as an effective way to treat this disease.

1 Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова МЗ РФ, 2 НПЦ помощи детям им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, 3 Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗ г. Москвы, РФ Диагностика внутриутробного инфицирования, связанного с T. gondii, на сегодняшний день представляет собой задачу с неод-нозначным решением для разных специалистов -гинекологов, акушеров, неонатологов, инфекционистов, реаниматологов. Данная проблема относится к междисциплинарной, и согласованное ее решение, диагностика и лечение данного заболевания на ранних этапах позволят уменьшить риск мертворождений, летальных исходов и тяжелых последствий. В статье отражены современные литературные данные о клинических особенностях течения токсоплазмоза в зависимости от генотипа токсоплазм, циркулирующих в мире. Особое значение уделено выбору методов пренатальной и постнатальной диаг-ностики токсоплазмоза. Представлены данные последнего обзора (2017 г.) Американской Академии Педиатрии по диагности-ке, лечению и профилактике врожденного токсоплазмоза. На основании обобщенных литературных материалов выявлены ос-новные клинические проявления токсоплазмоза. Представлены варианты инфицирования плода, развитие врожденного ток-соплазмоза. Основными препаратами для лечения токсоплазмоза являются триметоприм + сульфаметоксазол (Бисептол) и спирамицин (Ровамицин). Ключевые слова: врожденный токсоплазмоз, диагностика Diagnostics of intrauterine infection associated with T. gondii, today is a task with an ambiguous solution for different specialists -gynecologists, obstetricians, neonatologists, infectious disease specialists, resuscitators. This problem is interdisciplinary, and its coordinated decision, diagnosis and treatment of this disease at an early stage will reduce the risk of stillbirths, deaths and severe consequences. The article reflects the current literature data on the clinical features of toxoplasmosis in relation to the genotype of Toxoplasmа, circulating in the world. Particular importance is given to the selection of methods for prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. The data of the latest review (2017) of the American Academy of Pediatrics on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis are presented. The main clinical manifestations of toxoplasmosis were revealed. Basic preparations for treatment of toxoplasmosis is Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole (Biseptol) and spiramycin (Rovamycin). Keywords: congenital toxoplasmosis, diagnostics Токсоплазмоз относится к заболеваниям, ко-торые передаются различными путями. Однако, в слу-чае внутриутобного заражения (в зависимости от сро-ков беременности), исходы заболевания могут быть разные -от летального до тяжелых форм поражения центральной нервной системы (ЦНС), генерализован-ных форм, либо функциональных расстройств. Анализ историй болезни, регулярно проводившийся по разбо-ру причин летальных исходов в ГБУЗ «Морозовская дет-ская городская клиническая больница ДЗ г. Москвы» и «Научно-практическом центре специализированной по-мощи детям...

Introduction. Traction and convergence of atreseal ends of the esophagus with subsequent anastomosis is the most common technique for treating newborns with the fistulous form of esophagus atresia. The performed literature analysis did not reveal any researches aiming to study the correlation between a postoperative histological picture and diastasis length between atresial esophageal ends. Purpose. To assess the potential for modeling esophageal surgeries with biological models; to study and analyze the histological picture of operated esophagus and its correlation with the diastasis distance between atresial ends. Material and methods. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5 in each group). Rats from Group 1 had a standard surgery with the end-to-end esophageal anastomosis and artificially created diastasis of 1.0 cm by esophageal segment resection. Rats from Group 2 had a similar surgery but without any esophageal segment resection; so, the anastomosis in them was put without diastasis and significant tension of esophageal ends. Rats from Group 3 did not have any surgery; they were controls. The experimental rats were monitored daily for seven postoperative days. Results. There was no any significant macroscopic difference in the esophagus length in traction, nontraction and control groups. However, microscopic examination revealed that mucous and muscular membranes thickness in the esophagus, as a rule, was slightly thinner in the traction group. Despite the muscle layer thinning, hypertrophy of muscle fibers, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with some eosinophilic leukocytes as well as signs of perifocal epitheliotropism were noted.