We have carried out experimental investigations of the increased diffusion of a low-temperature plasma across the lines of force of a constant homogeneous magnetic field under conditions of high-frequency heating for a frequency approaching ion cyclotron frequency. The plasma was created in a glass tube by a pulse discharge with oscillating electrons in hydrogen at a pressure range of 5 × 10−4–5 × 10−2 torr. Initial plasma density exceeded 1.7 × 1013 cm−3. A high-frequency electric field with a frequency of 7.45 × 106 Hz and an axial period of 23 cm was excited in the plasma by an alternating current flowing along a spiral surrounding the discharge tube. The spiral and the capacitors connected to it formed an artificial line that was fed from the pulse generator with self-excitation. In the region of magnetic fields where there occurs a strong absorption of highfrequency energy by the plasma caused by ion cyclotron resonance time of plasma decay decreases sharply if the amplitude of the high-frequency current in the spiral exceeds some critical value depending on neutral gas pressure. Here ion diffusion across the magnetic field lines increases and chaotic oscillations arise in the plasma. It has been ascertained in experiments that for neutral gas pressures exceeding 10−2 torr the ratio between the critical current value and the pressure remains constant. On these grounds the assumption was made that anomalous diffusion arises when the ion drift velocity under the effect of an alternating azimuthal electric field exceeds a critical value. This is possibly associated with the appearance of “flute” instability. The possibility for flute instability to arise is apparently confirmed also by this fact: as is shown by evaluation, the velocity gained by the ion between two collisions in an azimuthal electric field for a current approaching a critical current equals in order of magnitude thermal ion velocity. We note that the investigated phenomenon of anomalous plasma diffusion in ion cyclotron resonance can be the reason for increased velocity of plasma decay in all devices in which the phenomenon of strong damping of an ion cyclotron wave in the region of ion cyclotron resonance is used for plasma heating and where considerable high-frequency powers are introduced into the plasma.

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ev UDC 547.712.25Ways of manufacturing polymeric phthalocyanine-containing materials in the form of fibres, films, membranes, and nanostructures, used as photosensitizers, in medicine, in solving environmental problems, and as working electrochemical elements in highly sensitive sensors and gas analyzers, are proposed. Polymer composites with incorporated phthalocyanines have high thermo-and photostable properties and low combustibility. The possibility of synthesizing phthalocyanine nanocrystals in different polymer matrices is demonstrated. These composites, which have optical homogeneity, are new optical media made from organic substances with optical and semiconductor properties.Due to the perfect structure and unique properties, tetraarenoporphyrazines and their metal complexes have been investigated in different areas of science -from quantum chemistry to applied physics and medicine. The regularity of the molecular structure of these compounds, its similarity to the biologically important chlorophyll, heme, vitamin B 12 , and cytochrome make it possible to manufacture materials with uniquely effective and technically valuable properties.Systematic studies of subgroups of these compounds -phthalocyanines of their metal complexes, and closest structural analogs -have been reflected in monographs and handbooks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Phthalocyanine (H 2 Pc) was initially identified as a substance with high dyeing power with respect to different materials. Its metal complexes are supramolecular compounds (Fig. 1). Their specific molecular structure is due to the planar configuration of the inner 16-member ring (macrocycle) and the presence of conjugation along the entire contour. For this reason, metal phthalocyanines have varied properties -catalytic, optical, adsorption.Phthalocyanines include a large number of compounds of different structure and the number is growing. The development of phthalocyanine chemistry is due to the comparatively uncomplicated methods of synthesizing them with good yields of the reactions. The elevated stability of phthalocyanines and the possibility of their purposeful synthesis from different compounds with previously assigned properties allows using them as convenient polymer modifiers. Modification can be conducted both in bulk and on the surface, by grafting, to impart the specific properties characteristic of this class of compounds.The evolution of polymer composite technology is opening up prospects for creating materials made from synthetic phthalocyanines supported on a polymer matrix by a method in which such compounds would exhibit the highest activity [9][10][11]. Attaching the phthalocyanines in a polymer support offers many advantages which do not exist when unattached phthalocyanines are used. They include cooperative reactions in polymer chains, separation of active sites, the possibility of specific binding of different substrates on active sites, increasing the stability of the tetrapyrrole component, and the decrease in its toxicity with respect to biological...