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In this investigation, pot culture experiment was carried out to estimate the ameliorating effect of triazole compounds, namely Triadimefon (TDM), Tebuconazole (TBZ), and Propiconazole (PCZ) on drought stress, photosynthetic pigments, and biochemical constituents of Zea mays L. (Maize). From 30 days after sowing (DAS), the plants were subjected to 4 days interval drought (DID) stress and drought with TDM at 15 mg l -1 , TBZ at 10 mg l -1 , and PCZ at 15 mg l -1 . Irrigation at 1-day interval was kept as control. Irrigation performed on alternative day. The plant samples were collected on 40, 50, and 60 DAS and separated into root, stem, and leaf for estimating the photosynthetic pigments and biochemical constituents. Drought and drought with triazole compounds treatment increased the biochemical glycine betaine content, whereas the protein and the pigments contents chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, and anthocyanin decreased when compared to control. The triazole treatment mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress by increasing the biochemical potentials and paved the way to overcome drought stress in corn plant.

Improper management of soil along with exhaustive monocropping practices have led to loss of soil structure, salinity and erosion and thereby decreasing the soil productivity. Furthermore, misappropriate application of synthetic fertilizers have driven contamination of food and water, pollution of environment creating an endangerment to human health. Therefore, an urgent need to find an alternative solution in improving the soil health without reduction in the productivity from a unit area in a sustainable manner is of prime focus. This review is related to biochar, its role in improving soil fertility in combination with fertilizers and manures on growth and yield of cotton and maize crop. The retention and mobilization of nutrients in biochar applied soil tremendously aid in increasing the fertilizer use efficiency. Moreover, studies have shown improved germination and biomass accumulation over time along with better yield attributes and yield of most crops which majorly include cotton and maize. This lays a foundation to utilize abundantly available problematic plant Prospis sp. and crop residues like cotton and maize from agricultural fields for biochar preparation rather than burning thus supporting in the reduction of global warming issues.

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