No abstract

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavor enhancer, is one of the most widely used commercial food additives. MSG produces oxidative stress in various tissues including cerebellar cortex. There is a paucity if data on the histological and immunohistochemical changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) on chronic administration of MSG at doses equivalent to human consumption (i.e., 40 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg, and 80 mg/kg daily for 3-month duration), hence this study. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical effects produced by MSG at doses equivalent to human consumption (40mg/kg/day, 60 mg/kg/day, and 80 mg/kg/day) in cerebellar cortex of adult mice. Materials and Methods: Study commenced after the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee approval. 40 Swiss-albino mice were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 served as the negative control and received distilled water i.p. Groups 2, 3, and 4 received MSG at increasing doses. Animals were euthanized at 3 months, cerebellar samples were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Results: Degeneration of the layers of cerebellar cortex in histopathology and reduction in the GFAP activity was observed in immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: MSG due to its wide consumption can cause degenerative changes in the cerebellum.

Water provides for the basic essentialities of human existence. Water of good quality is essential for socioeconomic growth. Besides it also sustains various species of plants and animals by regulating their metabolic activities. Chemical, biological and physical characteristics of water define its quality for use. The lake is located on the banks of the Ponnaiyar River, about 6 km south-east of Hosur, close to the Hosur Krishnagiri road. The lake issituated on the other side of the reservoir. The water samples of Thorapalli lake were collected and analyzed for its physico chemical characteristics for the period from January 2018 to December 2018. The present study was undertaken to characterize the physicochemical parameters such as Temperature (T), pH, Total Alkalinity (TA), Electrical Conductivity (EC), phosphates, Nitrates, Total Hardness (TH), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Turbidity (TY), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Biochemical oxygen demand(BOD), and Chemical oxygen Demand(COD). Each parameter was compared with its standard permissible limit as prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO). The study reveals that few of the parameters have values beyond the desirable limit prescribed by WHO.