Available online xxxKeywords: Childhood glaucoma Quality of life Visual function a b s t r a c t Objective: To evaluate the effect of glaucoma on visual function, as well as quality of life in children and quality of life perceived by caregivers in children up to 16 years of age. Material and methods: An observational and prospective study was designed using the questionnaire GQL-15 (Glaucoma Quality of Life) and conducted on children and caregivers. The questionnaire VFQ-25 (Visual Functioning Questionnaire) was conducted on children. Different variables of the clinical history that could influence the quality of life and visual function were recorded.Results: The study included 24 patients with a mean age of 9.13 ± 3.08 years, and included 3 with unilateral involvement, and 20 diagnosed with primary congenital glaucoma. Parents reported a worse quality of life than children. The result of the GQL-15 survey was 32.3 ± 11.56 points in children and 37.52 ± 14.59 points in caregivers (p = 0.001). The parameter most related to quality of life and visual function was the mean deviation (MD) of the visual field in the best eye. A statistically significant correlation was found between the result of GQL-15 and the mean deviation of the visual field (children: R = 0.63, p < 0.01, caregivers: R = 0.81, p< 0.001). Conclusions:Functional loss has an impact on the quality of life and visual function in children with glaucoma, although the quality of life perceived by the caregivers is worse than that perceived by the child. Pages 6 R = 0,63; p < 0,01 y cuidadores: R = 0,81; p < 0,001).Conclusiones: El daño funcional visual producido por el glaucoma tiene un impacto importante en la calidad de vida y en la función visual de los niños con glaucoma, si bien la calidad de vida percibida por los cuidadores es peor que la percibida por el niño.

Available online xxxKeywords: Childhood glaucoma Quality of life Visual function a b s t r a c t Objective: To evaluate the effect of glaucoma on visual function, as well as quality of life in children and quality of life perceived by caregivers in children up to 16 years of age. Material and methods: An observational and prospective study was designed using the questionnaire GQL-15 (Glaucoma Quality of Life) and conducted on children and caregivers. The questionnaire VFQ-25 (Visual Functioning Questionnaire) was conducted on children. Different variables of the clinical history that could influence the quality of life and visual function were recorded.Results: The study included 24 patients with a mean age of 9.13 ± 3.08 years, and included 3 with unilateral involvement, and 20 diagnosed with primary congenital glaucoma. Parents reported a worse quality of life than children. The result of the GQL-15 survey was 32.3 ± 11.56 points in children and 37.52 ± 14.59 points in caregivers (p = 0.001). The parameter most related to quality of life and visual function was the mean deviation (MD) of the visual field in the best eye. A statistically significant correlation was found between the result of GQL-15 and the mean deviation of the visual field (children: R = 0.63, p < 0.01, caregivers: R = 0.81, p< 0.001). Conclusions:Functional loss has an impact on the quality of life and visual function in children with glaucoma, although the quality of life perceived by the caregivers is worse than that perceived by the child. Pages 6 R = 0,63; p < 0,01 y cuidadores: R = 0,81; p < 0,001).Conclusiones: El daño funcional visual producido por el glaucoma tiene un impacto importante en la calidad de vida y en la función visual de los niños con glaucoma, si bien la calidad de vida percibida por los cuidadores es peor que la percibida por el niño.

Distributed Energy Resources (DER) have the potential to meet a significant portion of increased power demands of the future. DER applications can potentially provide benefits in electrical reliability and power quality, in addition to reducing total energy costs in combined cooling, heating and power (CHP) applications. However, the shift from a central generation paradigm to distributed generation results in different emissions characteristics and profiles from both a spatial and temporal perspective. Distributed generation is characterized by many sparsely distributed stationary sources within an urban air-shed compared to central generation where emissions sources are much larger, but typically located outside the air-shed in more remote locations. As a result, high market adoption of fuel-driven (non-renewable) distributed generation (DG) technologies, such as reciprocating engines and microturbines, may influence the air quality within a region.The present paper estimates air quality impacts for a representative distributed generation scenario in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) of California. Simulations are based on the year 2010 with comparison to a base case scenario with no DG emissions. The DG scenarios are developed for a reasonable percentage of power met by DG, representative spatial distribution and temporal operation, and a mix of DG technologies and emissions factors. The resultant emissions inventory for each DG scenario is then provided as input to a three-dimensional air quality model including detailed atmospheric chemistry and transport for simulation of the SoCAB. Preliminary air quality results suggest that there will be an air quality impact, that the impacts will not be uniform throughout the air-shed, and that individual criteria pollutant concentrations may either rise or fall with the introduction of DG.