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Walker-Warburg syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder with congenital muscular dystrophy, brain malformations on the basis of a neuronal migration defect and ocular abnormalities. We report our experience in treating two cases of Walker-Warburg syndrome complicated by hydrocephalus with shunting and endoscopic techniques.

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Of the non-paleontological contributions to the knowledge of the origin of the human dentition the publications of the late Prof. Louis Bolk, the Dutch anatomist, are perhaps the most outstanding. His numerous articles are original and provocative. This critique is concerned with one of his chief papers: "Problems of Human Dentition" (2). It is not my aim to depreciate the significance of Bolk's observations. I am primarily concerned with the demonstration of certain fallacies and inconsistencies in the construction of his theory. He seems to have built a logic-tight system based upon two major premises: (a) so-called reversions repeat ancestral conditions, and (b) recapitulation of phylogeny in ontogeny. All of his arguments in anatomy and embryology are in some way dependent for their strength upon these two postulates, both of which, although popular with nineteenth century morphologists, are to-day seriously questioned by most geneticists, embryologists, and paleontologists. With the invalidation of the two premises, the theory collapses and "problems" of human dentition would remain problems. In the presentation of his work, Bolk began with an assumption concerning the taxonomic position of the marmosets. He then attempted to support the assumption by demonstrating its consistency with his theory of the transition from the Platyrrhinae to the Catarrhine. According to this theory the marmosets are supposed to play an important role in the transition. The whole scheme, however, was patterned after a transition phenomenon in the recent human dentition, and pieced together from disconnected facts in comparative anatomy and embryology. The same recent phenomenon, after which his theoretical transition was modelled, was also used as a proof of that theory. It is somewhat difficult to analyse Bolk's method of reasoning because his material 101 at East Carolina University on July 1, 2015 For personal use only. No other uses without permission. jdr.sagepub.com Downloaded from