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As part of a research programme on the synthesis of the vegetation of the western Grassland Biome, the plant communities of the D land type of the north-western Orange Free State were investigated. The results of a numerical classification (TWINSPAN) of 59 reievés were refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures. The analyses revealed eight plant communities which may be grouped into two major communities. A hierarchical classification, description and ecological interpretation of the plant communities, and an ordination (DECORANA) with associated environmental gradients, are presented.

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The physiography, geology, soil, land types and climate of the north-western Orange Free State are described. The description provides a contextual framework for the subsequent vegetation classification.