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This chapter focuses on the incidence of mycotoxins in food and feeds and their health hazards, management of mycotoxins, decontamination and detoxification methods, biological methods of mycotoxin control and regulatory measures for the control of mycotoxin contamination.

Effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the production of penitrem B was studied. D-Xylose induced maximum penitrem B production, while melibiose, glycerol, citric acid and succinic acid were poor substrates. Potassium nitrate, L-asparagine, sodium nitrate, glycine, DL-aspartic acid and L-tryptophan supported good production of penitrem B. Conversely zirconyl nitrate, barium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, acetanilide, 4-aminobenzoic acid, 4-nitrobenzoic acid and 4-nitroaniline were toxic and did not even permit the growth of the fungus.

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