Research on development of Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) is aimed at: (1) to produce higher order thinking skills (HOTS) instrument of PAI class X SMK Ibrahimy 2 Sukorejo Situbondo and (2) to know the feasibility of higher order thinking SMK Ibrahimy 2 Sukorejo Situbondo seen from the results of student trials. This research was research of development of higher order thinking skills (assessment instrument using 4D model. Based on the results of the analysis on the book PAI package and making test questions created by teachers in SMK Ibrahimy 2 Sukorejo can’t measure the ability of higher order thinking (HOT). The ability of students was still relatively low known from the making of questions that still level 1.2 and 3, while the matter can be said higher order thinking (HOT) if it is in the realm of cognitive C4, C5, C6.

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The leadership management of junior high school principals is one of the most important components of education to influence teachers, students, and teaching staff to innovate effective and efficient teaching and learning processes. On that basis, it is focused on the management profile of the principal's leadership in the innovation of the teaching and learning process with several supporting factors and the steps that are optimally implemented in the institution. This study used a qualitative approach with interview techniques, participatory observation, and documentation which took place at SMP Manbaul Ulum Tangsil Wetan Wonosari Bondowoso. Research findings are as follows: first, the management of the principal at SMP Manbaul Ulum has succeeded in innovating the teaching and learning process in its leadership by implementing good communication between leaders and teachers, Having competent teachers and staff, having a high commitment, Having good working mechanisms , able to make students have motivation and enthusiasm for learning by giving appreciation to students, The existence of adequate learning facilities and facilities. Second, the support of the school committee, parents and the surrounding community, a pleasant school environment. The division of tasks according to the field of teaching experts, Involving Subject Teacher Consultations (MGMP), training in the preparation of teaching and relevant equipment, training on curriculum implementation. The third finding is that the principal's leadership management has 4 main functions, namely; planning, implementation, supervision, and guidance. The steps taken are Curriculum Innovation, Student Innovation, Innovation for Human Resources Improvement, Learning Strategy Innovation, Infrastructure Innovation, Public Relations Innovation.

Justice is a very important pillar in everything, especially education. With justice, various problems will be easily overcome. With justice all people get rights and obligations according to their capacity. In Indonesia sometimes there are several aspects that cause inequality in education. These aspects are partly discussed in this article namely, disability, prisoners, economics, and gender. The four aspects are often the reasons for the absence of justice in education in Indonesia.Indonesia as a Muslim majority community requires them to hold fast to the core teachings in Islam, which are following the Koran, Hadith, Ijma and Qiyas. In this article the author explains about the view of the Koran against these four aspects by being adapted from various verses that point to these four aspects.As a result the four aspects are not a reason for inequality in education and even become a motivator to pay more attention to them based on references from sources of Islamic teachings.

The Community Fiqh Development Program is an activity formed because the majority of input from elementary school graduates and many students do not understand religious material, especially about prayer, so this program can be a bridge for students to know in depth knowledge about the correct prayer materials and make it easier for teachers to understand students in terms of performing prayers, because in this program will be taught the material and its practice to students.This research uses a qualitative perspective. The data collection used is by observation, interview and documentation techniques. While the data analysis used is the Miles and Huberman model. The focus of this thesis research is (1), What is an overview of the community fiqh coaching program at MTs Al-Falah, (2), How is the Role of the teacher in the Community Fiqh Guiding Program at Al-Falah MTs.The results of this study are (1), the Community Fiqh Development Program is motivated by the majority of elementary school input graduates, the majority of students do not understand religious material, especially prayer, in its implementation the program is specifically for students of class VII and fostered by the teachers of jurisprudence, SKI teachers, teachers Arabic, and the teacher of the Qur'an Hadith by utilizing the free time of the coach and carried out at school or outside the school, while the material contained in the program is the intention of ablution ', prayer after ablution, intention to bathe large hadast, The intentions of the five maktubah prayers, Prayer Iftitah, fatihahRuku ', i'tidal, prostration, sitting between two prostrations for final tahiyat Prayers, Qunut, supplications for sahwi prostrations, Lafadz adzan and iqomah, Dhikr after the final prayer. So it is mentioned that the program with the program of fostering community fiqh, (2), The role of the teacher in the community fiqh guidance program is as a motivator, as an administrator, as a director, as an assessor, as a supervisor, as a supervisor.