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This paper investigates the efficiency of fuel enrichment to reduce the costs of thermal power plants (TPPs). An objective function is formulated to define and measure the desired results. The annual costs of TPPs and additional costs associated with the use of highly abrasive coal are analyzed. The costs of enrichment, in particular, flotation enrichment, are considered. A cost analysis and a transportation problem are presented to demonstrate the results. In general, this paper provides insight into the financial implications of fuel enrichment strategies for thermal power plants.