Objective. to assess the clinical efficacy of keratoplasty using a corneal xenograft in patients with corneal ulcers of various etiologies.Methods. A total of 46 patients (49 eyes) with complicated corneal ulcers (perforated or with impending perforation) have been operated. Freeze-dried corneal xenografts have been used for keratoplasty.Results. Our results showed that postoperative period after xenogeneic keratoplasty in patients with corneal ulcers was uneventful and the transplant underwent gradual resorption. In all patients with non-infected corneal erosions, ulcers healed completely and corneal fistulas were fully closed. The implanted corneal xenograft undergoes complete resorption between 2 to 3 months.Conclusions. Given the shortages of donor material, the demonstrated efficacy of using corneal xenografts in patients with complicated corneal ulcers requiring therapeutic keratoplasty allows recommending corneal xenografts for wide use to relieve inflammation and to preserve the eye.

No abstract

A variety of methods and approaches are used for the surgical treatment of retinal detachment, among which high-frequency electrocoagulation through the suprachoroidal access has attracted the attention of researchers. The research question concerned the selection of the optimal mode of electrocoagulation with the help of a monopolar instrument of the original design, during which a strong chorioretinal adhesion occurs in a short period of time after surgical intervention, there is no need for tamponade, and the destruction of cells of chorioretinal structures is minimized, which is associated with the temperature factor of electrocoagulation. The study was conducted on 52 rabbits (104 eyes), which were divided into 4 groups: Group I – exposure voltage 10–12 V, frequency 66 kHz, current strength 0.1 A (16 animals, 32 eyes); Group II – exposure voltage 12–14 V, other parameters are identical (16 animals, 32 eyes); Group III – exposure voltage 14–16 V, other parameters are identical (16 animals, 32 eyes); Group IV– 4 intact rabbits, 8 eyes (control). The animals were euthanized, the eyes were enucleated. Fragments with areas after electrocoagulation were fixed on a device of the original design, which measured the strength of the chorioretinal adhesion on an electronic jewelry scale by pulling a thread tied to the sample until the sample ruptured. The tissues of the chorioretinal complex were also studied by light microscopy after staining histological sections with hematoxylin-eosin. According to indicators of chorioretinal junction strength, the optimal exposure voltage was 10–12 V. Destruction of cells of the chorioretinal complex at this voltage did not differ from destruction using voltages of 12–14 V and 14–16 V, but the strength of chorioretinal junction was the greatest after 1 hour. 1 week and 2 weeks after surgery. Keywords: high-frequency electrocoagulation, chorioretinal surgery, retinal detachment, strength of chorioretinal adhesion.

<p>РЕЗЮМЕ. Досліджено структурну організацію компонентів інтактної рогівки свині та морфологічні структури<br />кріоконсервованої рогівки без кріопротектора ікріоконсервованої рогівки з кріопротектором. Встановлено, що<br />кріоконсервування ксенорогівки після проведення попередньої обробки в гліцерин-жовтковій суміші забезпечує<br />високу збереженість всіх її структурних компонентів.</p><p><br />КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: рогівка, структура, кріоконсервування.</p>

<p>The influence of corneal mechanical non-penetrative injury on indices of endogenous intoxication of blood and<br />aqueous humor in rabbits and its correction by сeratoxenoimplant were studied. It was determined the decrease in<br />the level of endogenous intoxication, as was indicated by decreased content of middle mass molecules blood and<br />aqueous humor as a result of surgical application of сeratoxenoimplant. This demonstrates the feasibility of further<br />clinical testing and possible prospects in wide use of сeratoxenoimplants in ophthalmic practice to reduce metabolic<br />manifestations of the syndrome of endogenous intoxication.</p>