The sorption capacity of two natural sorbents of different origin and of Wofatit KPS is determined by dynamic laboratory investigations and the influence of a thermal pretreatment of clinoptilolite, of the type and quantity of regenerants and of the presence of other cations is investigated. There are represented results of the ammonia removal from biologically treated municipal wastewater and of the removal of caesium-ions from laundry wastewaters. The capacity of clinoptilolite is lower than that of the ion-exchange resin, but clinoptilolite has the advantage of a considerably higher affinity for ammonium-ions, so that it can be used also in the presence of other salts in water t o be treated. The ammonium concentration should not exceed 30 mg/l, in order t o avoid too short filter runs.

Oxyethylenated fatty acid methyl esters are considered to be a promising alternative to oxyethylenated fatty alcohols widely used in laundry detergent productions. Oxyethylenated fatty acid methyl esters display propensity to hydrolysis in alkaline washing solutions, which might affect the washing process. The hydrolysis of oxyethylenated fatty acid methyl esters was found to be innocuous towards the washing process since only 10% of the overall amount was hydrolyzed at 60°C, pH = 12 in 1 hour. The cmc depends on a degree of oxyethylenation. The cmc of methyl ester and ethyl ester bearing 10 oxyethylene groups is 0.8 mmol · L−1. The cmc of esters bearing 20 oxyethylene groups is 1.2 mmol · L−1. The foaming properties of oxyethylenated methyl esters bearing between 10 and 20 oxyethylene groups is constant. In case of oxyethylenated ethyl esters the foaming was increasing with the number of oxyethylene groups.