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Because of the difficulties facing the treatment of flavobacteriosis, this study aimed to evaluate kaolin (a type of clay) for the prevention of such disease in Oreochromis niloticus. Addition of kaolin at rate of 1 g/L, to the water aquaria, 5 min prior the challenge of O. niloticus, protected the fish against columnaris disease (100%) and improved survival (93.7%) as compared to untreated fish (50 and 66.7%, respectively). The re-isolated strain from untreated challenged fish confirmed through a pair of 16S RNA gene-based PCR primers specific for F.columnare and produced unique and clear PCR bands of the expected size (675 base pair).