Natural products have played a significant role in conventional treatment and in the development of new drugs for a wide range of illnesses, including malignant disease. Urginea maritima is classified as an herb is endemic to the Mediterranean area. This herb was renowned in traditional ethnopharmacological applications. Notwithstanding, there is a lack of evidence pertaining to the characterization of the Urginea maritima constituents contained within a water-based extract and their bioactivity in human neurological disorders. Therefore, we sought to investigate the composition and to evaluate its antitumour capability against the human malignant neuroblastoma cells. Through the utilization of several in vitro techniques, the present work illustrates that cardiotonic steroids are the main constituents of Urginea maritima aqueous extract and grouping of polyphenolic compounds are present. This result was based on interpretation of the mass spectrum obtained via electrospray ionization timeof-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The current study finding confirms that the constituents of the extract trigger a series of toxic reactions. In terms of cell proliferation inhibition, malignant SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell proliferation was selectively inhibited in a time-dose dependent manner. As verified quantitatively using the MTS colorimetric assay, with less toxicity was observed toward neuron-model cells. Apoptosis was efficiently induced in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells as evidenced by Fluorescent microscopy using PI staining and DNA-specific dye DAPI revealed nuclear fragmentation, which profounds the apoptosis mechanism. Our novel findings clearly emphasize that the principal constituents of this unusual natural product can exhibit dual effects on neuron cells. This preferential selectivity provides an interesting basis for widespread medical application and a promising therapeutic strategy against neurological diseases, specifically human malignant neuroblastoma disorders.

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Natural products with their great structural diversity have offered major opportunities for identifying of new drugs against numerous of diseases, including malignant diseases. Leukaemia is a malignant disease that originates from a multistage process of accrual genetic alterations. These alterations destroy the slight sense of balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Conventionally, the chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and transplantation techniques are the major treatments for leukaemia diseases. However, these traditional approaches have drawbacks. Therefore, the identification of new effective therapeutic agents against leukaemia is an important topic. U. maritima is classified as an herb under Liliaceae family. It is renowned in traditional ethno pharmacological applications. Notwithstanding, there is a lack of evidence pertaining to the bioactivities of U. maritima to human leukaemia diseases. Therefore, the current study sought to investigate the potential proliferation inhibition and apoptotic inducing effects of U. maritima against HL-60 leukaemia cell. Through the utilization of several in vitro techniques, the present work revealed that the main phytochemical constituents of U. maritima reduced the proliferation of leukaemia HL-60 cells in a time and-dose dependent manner. Additionally, the rate of apoptosis efficiently induced as evidenced by Annexin-V/PI staining and analysis conducted by flow cytometry. Moreover, the data illustrate induced apoptosis mechanism, through intrinsic/ mitochondria apoptosis. The obtained finding provided in vitro for the first time that U. maritima could be an effective to control proliferation of the tumorigenic cells. Further, the data elucidate the probability afforded an interesting basis of this natural product as promising candidates for anti-leukemia curative applications.