Proyek konstruksi merupakan suatu kegiatan yang kompleks. Dalam pelaksanaannya, suatu proyek konstruksi memerlukan beberapa sumber daya yaitu seperti manusia, material, mesin, metode pelaksanaan, serta uang. Dimana kelima hal tersebut harus dipersiapkan dengan matang pada saat proses perencanaan sehingga saat dilaksanakan, proyek yang bersangkutan berjalan sesuai dengan tujuan yang diharapkan. Namun pada kenyataannya, sering kali terdapat permasalahan-permasalahan yang tak terduga yang mengharuskan terjadinya suatu penambahan dan pengurangan item maupun volume pekerjaan. Dimana hal tersebut biasa disebut dengan pekerjaan Variation order. Adanya pekerjaan Variation order secara tidak langsung akan mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan biaya serta jadwal pelaksanaan proyek. Sehingga diperlukan suatu kesepakatan antara pemilik proyek dan kontraktor mengenai pengajuan perubahan biaya serta waktu pelaksanaan proyek untuk menghindari terjadinya perselisihan antara owner dan kontraktor dengan cara melakukan analisa jenis item pekerjaan, nilai, serta dampak dari pekerjaan Variation order yang terjadi. Dimana nantinya harus diajukan dalam bentuk dokumen pengajuan kompensasi biaya dan waktu pekerjaan Variation order yang disahkan melalui rapat khusus yang dihadiri Owner, Konsultan QS, MK, serta Kontraktor. Seperti halnya dengan yang terjadi pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Menara Mandiri Denpasar. Dimana proyek ini mengalami banyak perubahan terkait penambahan serta pengurangan item maupun volume pekerjaan yang berdampak langsung kepada terjadinya perubahan kontrak proyek yang bersangkutan. Dimana terjadi sebanyak 16 jenis pekerjaan Variaton Order dengan nilai yang didapat berdasarkan perhitungan dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif sebesar Rp. 16.262.850. dengan nilai kontrak awalnya sebesar Rp. 75.700.000.000, sehingga berdampak pada terjadinya penambahan nilai kontrak menjadi Rp. 75.716.262.850 atau sama dengan penambahan 0,02% dari nilai kontrak awal.

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In this globalization era, many alternative choices of construction materials. The limited funds available make engineers have to think creatively to choose materials used in order to obtain the cost as efficiently as possible. There are many ways to do the cost efficiency of the project, one of them by doing value engineering. The construction design selection is very important to do because it can show the project quality, as well as produce the development with an efficient and optimal cost. The value engineering approach in the construction field is an organized and creative approach aimed at identifying unnecessary costs. These unnecessary costs are costs that do not provide quality or usability/functionality. The value engineering application is to construct projects has considerable potential savings from the project budget. This study aims to obtain cost savings made during the design phase and irrigation drainage project implementation. The scope of the study in the present study is the wall project on the DAS irrigation drainage improvement at Cengcengan River in Sukawati, Gianyar. This analysis uses the steps of value engineering plan, i.e., information, creative, analysis, development, and recommendation steps. Whereas, the criteria used to evaluate the components/systems included aspects of cost, quality, implementation time, methods, mobilization, availability, and aesthetics. In this study, four alternatives will be analyzed, i.e., alternative one using the river stone, alternative two conventional concrete K225, alternative three cycloof concrete and alternative four precast L shape. Regarding the analysis that has been conducted alternative four is the best alternative by using precast L shape which is used in irrigation drainage project using zero-one method. The cost savings obtained after replacing the stone masonry with precast L shape 20 years old is IDR. 23,754,327,910 with time savings of precast L shaped mounting work for 490 days.

The indicators of park user satisfaction were in the form of a decrease in workload, a decrease muscle energy usage, increased ease of parking, increased parking convenience and increased parking productivity. An intervention basement used by parking arrangement-based motorcycle ergonomics. Measurements were made before and after repair. Washing out and adaption (WOA) each were conducted for 7 days consisting of one day WO and 6 days of adaptation. Data were analysed descriptively, tested for normality (shapirowilk) and homogeneity (Levene Test). Normally distributed data and is not homogeneous, different test with Friedman Test, different test between periods used the Wilcoxon test. Data were analysed with a significance level of 5 percent. The results showed that the parking space angle 600 a decrease in workload at 27.58 percent (p is less than 0.05), a decrease in muscle energy usage at 30.97 percent (p is less than 0.05), an increase in the ease of parking at 105.80 percent (p is less than 0.05), an increase in the parking convenience at 74.63 percent (p is less than 0.05) and an increase in parking productivity at 166.67 percent (p is less than 0.05).

This study aims to determine how much effect the implementation of SMK3 policies on workforce satisfaction in construction projects. In this study using descriptive quantitative research methods. The data collection method used a questionnaire that was distributed to the project workforce using 25 people as a sample. The research instrument test used the validity test, reliability test, multicollinearity test, and probability plot normality test, while the data analysis method used multiple linear regression analysis, F test and t test. The research results can be concluded as follows. First, the SMK3 policy variable that has the most dominant influence on workforce job satisfaction is the variable of implementing the K3 plan. Second, the SMK3 policy variables, namely, the establishment of OHS policies, OHS planning, implementation of K3 plans, monitoring and evaluation of K3 performance, and reviewing and improving SMK3 performance have a joint effect on job satisfaction of workers in the project.