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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a surveillance technique based on spectral analysis of self-injection locked reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (SL-RSOA) for in-service monitoring of power splitter -passive optical networks (PS-PON). The proposed technique analyzes the cavity mode frequency of upstream transmitter at the optical network unit (ONU) to distinguish each branch fiber from other fiber branches of PS-PON without utilizing any additional surveillance source at the central office (CO).