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The purpose of this study was to find out the vulnerability of bus and truck drivers due to constant exposure of vehicle-engine noise inside the vehicle cabin. Comparative results revealed that noise levels inside the cabin of buses and trucks were in the range of 88.6-102.4 dB and 87.95-103.4 dB, respectively. The health status of bus and truck drivers was assessed by measuring their systolic and diastolic pressure, pulse rate, BMI, digestion problem, hearing loss, vision problem, back pain and irritation. Paired t-test of the results revealed non-significant (p < 0.05) relation between systolic and diastolic pressure of both bus and truck drivers. The pulse rate of truck driver was significantly (p < 0.01) related with noise level inside the cabin of truck. The humidity level inside the cabin showed a positive relation with vehicle age (p < 0.01) and driving period (p < 0.01). This study clearly suggests that vehicle engine noise adversely affects the cardiovascular health of both bus and truck drivers.

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The present investigation was carried out to estimate the colony forming units of indigenous fungi and to study the diversity and Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) of some medicinal plants. The study was also aimed to estimate and isolate the Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spore population from the rhizospheric soil of some important medicinal plants from the Botanical garden of College campus. All the selected medicinal plants i.e., Mentha sp. Ocimum sanctum, Bryophyllum sp. Adhatoda vasica, and Andrographis paniculata showed a very good diversity of rhizospheric soil fungi. The highest number of Colony forming unit (c.f.u) was estimated in Mentha sp (162/10-1) followed by Bryophyllum sp. (156/10-1), Andrographis paniculata (91/10-1), Adhatoda vasica (72/10-1) and Ocimum sanctum (68/10-1). Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spore population was also estimated in all the medicinal plants. The higest number of AM spores was estimated in Andrographis paniculata (121/50gm-1) followed by Ocimum sanctum (112/50gm-1), Adhatoda vasica (94/50gm-1), Bryophyllum sp.(89/50gm-1) and Mentha sp (75/ 50gm-1). The rhizospheric soil fungal diversity including mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus sp.) also was found to be beneficial for increasing the photosynthetic activity and uptake of phosphorus in medicinal plants. Thus, the use of AM inoculum can increase the yield of medicinal plants along with their secondary metabolites to utilize on a sustainable basis as a traditional and herbal medicine for the human welfare.

Introduction: In most of the developing countries, there is no formal system to provide pre-hospital care in the eld. In country like India, Emergency Medical Services are fragmented and not accessible throughout the country. In India, it is found that the injured victim usually is rescued by a Good Samaritan passer-by and are transported to medical care facilities by law enforcement personnel, especially in violent situations, private or public vehicles, motorcycles, wheelbarrows or other means. Materials And Methods: A single-arm before-after intervention study was conducted after ethical clearance, in Chhotu Ram College of Education, Rohtak, Haryana, to assess the effectiveness of skill based training program for rst responder on selected emergencies in terms of knowledge and practice of fty college students who were selected by simple random sampling method, by using structured knowledge questionnaire and structured observation checklist. The mean post-test knowledge score (29.4), and mean post-test practice score (23.2)Results: was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge and pre-test practice score respectively. The mean difference was tested at 0.01 level of signicance for both knowledge and practice scores. There was a signicant positive correlation between post-test knowledge and practice scores, with a “r” value (0.67) which was statistically signicant at 0.01 level of signicance. Findings revealed that the skill based training program was found to be effective in improving knowledge and practice of college students as rst responder on selected emergencies. The study concludedConclusion: that skill based training program for rst responder on selected emergencies was effective and able to improve the knowledge and practice of college students about rst responder. So, in India, where there is no emergency medical system existing, such training programs can enhance and build informal emergency task force.