Almost all countries pay full attention to the education system, especially countries with smaller populations have an advantage in this field. Relatively small countries and regions, including Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Estonia and Finland, were at the top of the results of the 2015 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) test. This test was carried out by evaluating academic achievement for 15 years around the world. In the last evaluation, Shanghai took the overall top position. Japan is one country that has a good learning concept, with the 4th to 7th positions in various fields of competition. The application of cooperative learning with the development of learning methods is very important to improve the achievement of student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to observe the understanding of concepts, and how to think critically in analyzing exam questions. Cooperative learning application with a combination of the "Network Tree Concept Map" method as a depiction to increase students' interest and thinking power.

In this study, research using guided inquiry was conducted to improve students' ability to think critically. By improving and making the worksheets the students of this research are expected to make it easier to understand a lesson. The development step in this study is to conduct a preliminary study as the first stage, then pre-product planning and development, after which the pretest, product prerevision and field test are carried out. Data collected in this study was carried out by observation, documentation, interviews, questionnaires and tests. In addition, student worksheets are validated based on media and material, which will be given revisions based on suggestions from the media, matrices, and experts. The participants of this study were students Junior High School of SMP Negeri 30 Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. The final results in this study, showed that the development of guided inquiry based worksheets was able to improve students' critical thinking power, which was obtained from the results of good category values, namely 71.07% on average students in mathematical critical thinking.

This research is aimed to know (1) the difference of the students’ cognitive study results that used integrated-interconnected (confirmative models) physics module and physics module of heat. (2) the effect of using integrated-interconnected (confirmative models) physics module concering about the student’ cognitive study result. (3) the effect of using integrated-interconnected (confirmative models) physics module concering about the student’ interest in learning. This is a quasi-experiment research with Matching Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The variables consist of free variable that has the integrated-interconnected (confirmative models) physics module and bound variable that has the students’ interest and their study result. The population are all of 11th grade students of MAN 1 Bandar Lampung. Taking sample in this research is done by simple random sampling technique, so XI MIA2 is chosen as the experimental class and XI MIA3 is chosen as the controlling class. Instrument used in this research consist of pretest and posttes question, quesionnaire of the students’ interest and respons in learning. The technique of analysing data use T-test and simple regression analysis. The results of this research show that (1) there is a defference of the students’ cognitive study results that used integrated-interconnected (confirmative models) physics module and physics physics module of heat (tcalculation = 2,365 > ttable = 2,023, so Ha accepted). (2) there is a effect of using integrated-interconnected (confirmative models) physics module concering about the student’ cognitive study result with coefficient of regression 1,082. (3) there is a effect of using integrated-interconnected (confirmative models) physics module concering about the student’ interest in learning with coefficient of regression 0,624.

Today, the continuous use of paper makes various countries experience a tree crisis due to continuous logging. Therefore, the obstacle faced in making paper is the lack of availability of wood raw materials used in the manufacturing process. Currently, various countries are starting to think about other alternatives in paper making. In this study, the use of cassava peels in papermaking can be a solution in meeting the needs of raw materials for papermaking because the content contained in cassava peels can be used as material for making pulp. The experiment of making cassava pulp was carried out using the organosolv process, which is cooking to separate the fibers using organic chemicals. The chemical used in the cooking process is ethanol. The research method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The experiment was carried out with 3 treatments and 3 repetitions. with each concentration of ethanol in the cooking treatment that is 50%, 70% and 90%. Data analysis was carried out by measuring the thickness, gram, age, and tensile strength of the paper. From the experiments conducted, it is proven that using cassava peel can be used as an additional material in making paper. The most effective concentration of ethanol is at a concentration of 90%.