The article presents the concept of creating model of delays occurring in telecommunication system taking into account all sources of delays generated during data transmission between the source and destination nodes. Proposed model takes into account the existence of intermediary network devices that play a significant role in the general delay budget. The paper presents two measurement systems used to measure delays in 802.11 g based wireless networks and ones using ZigBee standard. Both systems were built based on the authors' concepts of hardware and software allowing measurement of delays by using additional connection for the synchronization of internal clocks. Described measurement systems selected amount of experiments was performed for varied network structures.
The influence of surface pretreatment prior to the anode oxidation of Ti6Al7Nb alloy samples on corrosion resistance was presented in the work. The preliminary surface treatments were: grinding, vibration machining, sandblasting and electrochemical polishing. Anodic oxidation process was carried out at different voltages. The final procedure of the surface modification was steam sterilization. The scope of the work included: corrosion resistance study (pitting and crevice) of both non-sterilized and sterilized samples, and samples after 28 days exposure to the Ringer’s solution, concentration evaluation of metal ions releasing from the sterilized surface as well as observations of surface topography. The research revealed a significant influence of surface pretreatment of Ti6Al7Nb alloy, prior to the anode oxidation and steam sterilization, on corrosion resistance.
The paper presents the concepts of model construction on transmission delays in systems with wireless interfaces using random series of function. It is a new method of modelling that allows us to use probabilistic description of time required to realise tasks in various devices. It also allows us to use time domain delta function series in order to describe the time of transmission of data between transmitter and receiver. In description of delays probability density function is applied. The model also takes into account existence of intermediary network devices that play a signicant role in overall budget of delay.
Background: The treatment of breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL) focuses on the alleviation symptoms. One of the innovative, non-invasive therapies used for this condition is extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT).
Aim of the study: To review the available literature and evaluate the effectiveness of ESWT in the treatment of secondary lymphedema (in vitro works, animal experiments) and lymphedema associated with the treatment of breast cancer.
Material and methods: The scientific literature review was conducted from October to December 2020. The review was carried out by searching scientifically recognized medical databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE and PEDro. Date restrictions were not applied. As there are only a few clinical studies assessing the effectiveness of ESWT on the reduction of lymphedema, case reports, animal experiments and in vitro works were included in the review. Articles written in a language other than English were excluded.
Results: In total, the analysis included twelve studies, including seven clinical trials, one case report, three animal experiments and one in vitro test.
Conclusions: Based on the results of the analyzed articles, ESWT can be an effective therapeutic tool for lymphedema occurring after breast cancer treatment. Unfortunately, the level of evidence is relatively weak since the number of publications on this subject is still quite low. The accumulated results indicate the need for further clinical trials.
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