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Achieving the development of foreign trade in order to keep pace with regional and global economic changes is one of the goals of sustainable development in Egypt. Therefore, the research aimed to study the development of Egyptian exports and imports, total and agricultural, as well as study some indicators of the efficiency of Egyptian foreign trade. The study relied on secondary data published in the annual foreign trade bulletins. The results showed that the percentage of contribution of the value of agricultural foreign trade to the total value of Egyptian foreign trade fluctuated between 7% and 16.5% during the period (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020). The results of the phased multi-regression method showed that there is a statistically confirmed, direct linear relationship between the rate of agricultural economic dependency and agricultural imports. While there is an inverse relationship between the rate of agricultural economic dependence and the rate of agricultural coverage, and that 75% of the changes in the rate of agricultural economic dependence are attributed to these two variables. It also became clear that there is a great diversification in both Egyptian exports and imports. The study recommends re-evaluating the agreements that Egypt concluded with countries and economic blocs, encouraging exports directed to Arab countries, and expanding the production of agricultural cash commodities with a productive advantage. The need to remedy the imbalance in the trade and agricultural balance by reducing the difference between exports and imports, and continuing to diversify exports and reduce imports. Increasing the competitiveness of Egyptian exports in general and agricultural exports in particular by studying foreign markets and the extent of their preference, acceptance and confidence in Egyptian goods and products8

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The research aimed at estimating the size of the food gap of wheat in Egypt during (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019), where the research relied in statistical analysis on some descriptive and quantitative statistical methods.The results showed an increase in the area of wheat and the quantity produced during (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019) with an annual growth rate of about 1.62%, 1.71% respectively, an increase in the quantity of imports, consumption and the wheat gap at annual rates of about 0.44, 0.523, 0.385 million tons, representing about 5.2%, 3.4%, 5.3% of the average of about 8. 52, 15.32, 7.23 million tons respectively, during (2000-2019). The food security coefficient declined from 0.35 as an average for (2006-2012) to 0.28 as an average for (2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019). This may be due to low supply price, which negatively affected on food security during that period.The results showed that the net yield of feddan of wheat in the previous season was the most important variable affecting the cultivated area of wheat. Also found that the agricultural price policy was in the disadvantage of wheat producers during (2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020). The most influential factors on the wheat gap are size of population, the area planted with wheat, and per capita share of wheat, while the most influential factors on the food security factor are size of the wheat stock and self-sufficiency rate. Therefore, the research recommends the need to reconsider the crop pattern in order to achieve an increase in the area of wheat by raising the supply price and state support for farmers.