The research activity regarding infectious diseases has been increased significantly in the past few years in India. The main cause of infectious disease is pathogenic microorganisms and the infection can spread from direct or indirect contact between individuals. Once the infection spread throughout the country or world, is classified as an epidemic or pandemic. India is not unfamiliar with pandemic and epidemics, as they occur throughout history. This review paper highlights the major epidemics and pandemic occur in India. More than 90 national and global papers were reviewed. The research papers were chosen from PubMed, Google scholar, science direct, research gate, and organization like WHO. This paper dealt with the impact of pandemic and epidemic on India’s economy, health sector and social power. The study concluded that there were around 10 epidemics and pandemics occur in India from the 18th century to the 21st century. The major impact on the social life and health sector has mainly affected in COVID-19, chikungunya, Plague in India.Meningococcal disease and dengue had a negative impact on health sector.Nipah Virus, plague, and COVID-19 had more impact on tourism. Whereas, economy was majorly affected in Plague, and COVID-19.

: During the recent difficult times when the whole world is fighting the pandemic named COVID-19, a herbal home based spice, which can help the people improve their immunity and fight against this infection. Nigella Sativa has been named as a prophetic Spice, as it has many therapeutic effects. It is found to control diabetes, reduce high cholesterol levels, and serve as an antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti – informatory and an immune booster. The compound Thymoquinone can be responsible for enhancing immune system as it acts as an anti-oxidant and has an anti-inflammatory property. As various research has showed that to protect from Coronavirus, it is important not only to avoid human contact, but also to strengthen the Immune system. This paper is a review of various studies which prove that Nigella Sativa, can be beneficial in enhancing the immune system and thus fight COVID – 19.

Background: COVID-19 lockdown's impact on physical and mental health includes increased prevalence of alexithymia (difficulty recognizing emotions) among university students. Alexithymia is strongly correlated with eating disorders and disrupted eating behaviors. Understanding these associations is crucial for assessing the well-being of students during lockdown. Aims: The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of alexithymia and eating disorders in relation to sleep disturbance during this lockdown phase amongst university students. Settings and Design: This study employed an online cross-sectional design to collect data from participants. The study included adolescents of either gender, aged between 20 and 27 years, who were enrolled in the faculty of Allied Health Sciences at Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies. Methods and Material: The study comprised 419 university students during the COVID-19 lockdown. Alexithymia was assessed using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, eating disorders with the Eating Aptitude Test-26, and sleep patterns with a modified Pittsburgh Sleep Scale. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics, including Mean±SD for continuous variables and frequency/percentages for categorical data, were calculated. Statistical analysis involved Student t-test and chi-square. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha. Results: This study involved 77.8% (n=326) female students as compared to 22.2%(n=93) male students. The prevalence of alexithymia was found to be considerably higher(30.5%) in the present study, with female students more affected than males. An eating disorder was found to be only 16.7%, and the majority of students (65.4%) had BMI in the range of normal weight. Further, the students reported the absence of sleep apnea with 41% of students having a sleep duration of 6-7 hours and 32% more than 7 hours. Only 19% of students reported poor sleep quality. Trouble sleeping during the initial 30 minutes prior to lying down, waking up in the middle of the night, and waking up to use the bathroom were the main factors causing sleep disturbances. Conclusions: This study reported a high alexithymia prevalence since there were under house arrest and going through psychological stress during lockdown phase of COVID-19 pandemic. Eating disorders was not prevalent because the students ate healthy balanced diets at home rather than junk food. Sleep patterns were also significantly improved and did not show any relation to the increased prevalence of alexithymia.

Improving immunity against the coronavirus among all countries is one of the vital measures to combat the COVID-19 unprecedented threat to the entire world. People with a weak immune system and co-morbid conditions like cardiac disorders, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory disorders are at high-risk population for COVID-19 disease complications. Immunity lower with conditions such as pregnancy, old age, and also bad habits like smoking, tobacco use, and alcoholism is aggravating the risk of COVID-19. This review aims to study food safety, hygiene, behavioural changes and their association with enhancement of immunity to defeat COVID-19. Totally 46 research articles were chosen from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Foods, Food Science & Nutrition, Immunity perspective, and other reputed journals. Food safety is considered one of the best immunity-boosting key factors. All age groups especially young adolescents should be educated about the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle particularly food safety and prevention of infectious diseases like COVID-19. Strict implementation of food safety regulations such as food handling practices throughout the food chain in agriculture, food chain process, home kitchens, food handlers, and consumers to prevent food contamination by the means of physical, chemical, and pathogenic exposures like bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections especially life-threatening. Unhygienic food practices lower the immunity power and result in vulnerable diseases like COVID-19. Practising standard food safety measures can be found very useful in boosting the immunity of the community and protecting the life of the people against COVID-19 health complications.

Pomegranate biologically known as Punica Granatum L. It is grown throughout dry Mediterranean regions like hot, dry summers. It is a small shrub in which flowering occurs on 1-year-old spurs or short branches appearing as solitary, pairs, or clusters. It shows the antioxidative property, anti-inflammatory property and hepatoprotective property due to the presence of two anthocyanins-pelargonidin 3, 5-diglucoside and pelargonidin 3-glucoside in its purified form. The study was conducted to develop a value-added product from dry pomegranate flower powder for liver disease patients. It involves procurement of flowers from Delhi, NCR and dried at room temperature to convert them into dry powder. The product, shrikhand was developed in different concentrations, i.e., 12.5 g, 18 g, 25 g of pomegranate flower powder. Sensory evaluation was done using a composite scale and the data was statistically analyzed by using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. It revealed that the product with a concentration of 12.5 g of pomegranate powder was highly acceptable in all parameters -color, taste, texture, aroma, an appearance by composite scale. The shelf life of the product developed with 12.5g of pomegranate flower powder was done.