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Neoplastic lesions of thyroid are common diseases that affect people all over the world. These lesions presents clinically in various forms having wide spectrum of presentation. Thyroid malignancies approximately are estimated to be constituting between 1-1.6% of all cancers, and thyroid tumours form around 90% to 93% among all malignancies of endocrine. Examination of these neoplastic thyroid lesions histopathologically form an important and confirmatory tool in the diagnosis of the neoplastic thyroid lesions. Materials and Methods: 75 cases of neoplastic thyroid lesions were studied and analysed, in the present study, this study was conducted in the Department of Pathology of an autonomous institute run by Government of Karnataka, RIMS, Raichur, India. The total study period was three (3) years. Out of these 3 years, retrospective study formed bulk of the study which was 2 years and prospective study was for a period of 1 year. The histopathologically diagnosed thyroid tumors were classified based on WHO classification of thyroid tumors. Results: After Histopathological diagnosis, Results were analysed, and showed that neoplastic lesions of thyroid constituted 75 cases, out of which, a total of 81.3% were diagnosed in females and 18.7% cases were diagnosed in males, and these lesions were predominantly seen in female patients giving a female: male ratio of 4.3:1. Study showed that the youngest patient was aged 12 years and the oldest patient was aged 65 years at the time of presentation, with a mean age of being 38.5 years. Follicular adenoma was diagnosed in 53.33% with 40 cases followed by malignant neoplastic thyroid tumour, papillary carcinoma accounting for 44.00% with 33 cases, other lesion that was diagnosed was follicular variant of papillary carcinoma in 2.67% 2 cases. Conclusion:The occurance of neoplastic diseases in thyroid nodules is of major health concern. Present study is done to know the statistical incidence of neoplastic thyroid lesions in this region and to evaluate and confirm the diagnosis histopathologically of these thyroid tumors and classify their subtypes in detail.

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Thyroid swellings are routinely encountered cases in clinical practice particularly among Asian countries as iodine deficiency plays a crucial etiological role in predominant cases of non neoplastic lesions. Thyroid swelling creates a major socioeconomic and health problem as they present as asymptomatic nodules many a times as firm swellings or as soft cystic in consistency masses. Thyroid gland lesions presents a large variety of pathological lesions. Incidence of non neoplastic lesions are more common than neoplastic lesions. Present study aims to know the spectrum of presentation of these non neoplastic lesions of thyroid. Materials and Methods: In the present study the data was analysed and a total of 209 cases of non neoplastic lesions of thyroid were studied. The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology of an Autonomous institute Government Medical college and hospital (RIMS), Raichur, India, for a period of 3 years with 2 years of retrospective and 1 year of prospective study respectively. Results: In the present study results collected were analysed and portrayed that out of 209 cases, higher incidence of Non neoplastic lesions were noted in 3 rd decade and 4th decade of life, predominant number of the patients were diagnosed in females with 68.8% and when data was analysed, which showed that the female to male ratio was 2.3:1. Colloid goiter formed the major non neoplastic lesions having a total of 110 cases with 52.63% indicating more than half of the cases were colloid goitre, and was the most common non neoplastic lesion diagnosed histopathologically, next in line was multinodular goitre which was diagnosed in 82 cases having 39.23% of share, hashimoto's thyroiditis was diagnosed in 10 individuals which constituted 4.79% of the total cases. Study also tabulated adenomatous hyperplasia with 3.35% of population which were associated with colloid goiter and multinodular goiter. Conclusion: Non neoplastic lesions of thyroid have varied clinical presentation and confirmation of these thyroid lesions can be done by histopathological study in correlation with clinical presentation. Present study is intended to evaluate the incidence and categorise histopathologically the types of non neoplastic lesions of the thyroid in this region.