It is important to give a good consideration towards the establishment of effective breeding programs for pumpkin purification and improvement. This study was carried out during three successive summer seasons of 2013 till 2015 to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of one cycle of simple recurrent selection and selfing with selection for two generations, as two breeding methods, to improve some important characters of pumpkin cultivar 'Balady'. Eight derived genetic populations; i. e, original population (C0), one cycle of simple recurrent selection (C1) and six selected progenies from selfing with selection for two generations (S2-1, S2-2, S2-3, S2-4, S2-5 and S2-6) were evaluated for vegetative, flowering, yield components and fruit quality characters. The results of the estimated values of coefficient of variation indicated that the original population (C0) had an extensive range of variability which ranged from 13.55% for number of days to first female flower up to 71.83% for total yield/plant. The first cycle of recurrent selection enhanced the main stem length, number of branches/plant, average fruit weight and number of fruits/plant with about 122.60%, 157.50%, 338.30 % and 243.33% respectively. Also, selfing with selection method for two generations enhanced main stem length within the range of 17.00% to 132.10 %, and number of branches per plant by 7.20% to 71.60%, average fruit weight was noticed to be within the range of 65.10% to 285.46% and number of fruits/plant was within the range of 4.00% to 191.66 % for all selected selfed progenies over that of the original population. The selected selfed progeny S2-1 and C1 gave high improvement values of total yield/plant with about 189.91% and 148.69%, respectively. The first cycle of recurrent selection was found to be apparently efficient in increasing and enhancing the general performances more than selfing with selection for two generations for most studied characters, except for number of days to first female flower and carotene content. Therefore, it may be concluded that recurrent selection seemed to be effective and efficient for developing of improved commercial pumpkin cultivar 'Balady'; whereas, selfing with selection can be successfully used to develop inbred lines for the production of hybrid or synthetic cultivar, out of the common commercial ones.

to identify and discriminate ten faba bean genotypes using morphological characters and molecular marker. The results revealed that some morphological characters such as pinnul shape, lines density of flag flower, pod color at maturity, testa shape and color were useful to identify some genotypes from each other, while they were not enough for identifying other genotypes. By using Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR-PCR) technique, it was possible to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of the ten faba bean genotypes included in this study. A total of 71 amplified bands were generated with five ISSR primers, of which 59 (83.1%) were polymorphic which represent a relatively high polymorphism level. These results are important in protecting of plant breeders rights and at releasing these genotypes as a new varieties.

With the widespread utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in many fields, it is essential to identify the parameters governing their design process. By taking the wing as a showcase, this study intends to guide through the design process of the wing, elaborate on some important definitions, and show how different parts of an aircraft affect each other. The current case study is limited to low Reynolds number (200,000: 500,000) wing design for unmanned aerial vehicle. The final wing was designed to be rectangular, a high wing with a span of 2 m, a chord of 0.4 m, and a corresponding aspect ratio of 5 with a total take-off weight of 10 kg. While the cruising speed and stall speeds were 14 and 11 m/s respectively.