Nursing managers should take into consideration that nurses' feelings of workplace loneliness and alienation can reduce the nurses' job performance. When managers create formal and informal support networks, it can reduce nurses' negative feelings of loneliness and alienation. Thus, helping nurses to perform better at work.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the approach of healthcare professionals in ethical dilemmas and to examine the level of ethical decision-making. Methods: As a means of collecting data, "Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire" was used that was developed by Lutzen and adapted to Turkish by Tosun. The study population consists of healthcare professionals who work in the province of Sakarya and agreed to participate voluntarily. In data analysis, descriptive statistical methods, factor analysis, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA analysis, Tukey test and t-test for independent samples were used. Ethical considerations: Permission to carry out the study was obtained from hospitals under investigation. Questionnaires were distributed to participants and completed ones were sent to the researcher in a sealed envelope. Anonymity and confidentiality of the participants were ensured. Results: According to the findings of the study, there was a positive correlation between the sub-dimensions of the scale. There was no significant difference in ethical behavior of healthcare professionals according to sex, marital status and receiving ethical education or not. It was found significant difference in sub-dimensions of scale according to age, having children or not, profession, working unit, years of service and monthly income. Conclusion: Making ethics committees functional, implementing ethical consultation system, revising ethics education at undergraduate and post graduate levels and giving practical in-service training are proposed to reduce ethical dilemmas of healthcare professionals.

The aim of the research is to adapt a valid and reliable scale to Turkish to measure the COVID 19 vaccine literacy level of individuals. Materials and Methods: The scale developed by Ishikawa et al. and adapted as COVID 19 vaccine literacy by Biasio et al. was used to assess health literacy in chronic diseases. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted in the Turkish adaptation of the scale. Random sampling method, one of the probabilistic sampling methods, was used in sample selection. The sample of the study consists of 596 individuals who agreed to participate in the study. Result: Of those participating in the research, 60.6% are women and 39.4% are men. In addition, 34.1% of the participants are Generation Y, 28.2% Gen X, 27.9% Gen Z and Gen. Baby Boomer 9.9%. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy test result value is 0.905 and Bartlett's test is significant. According to the explanatory factor analysis, it is divided into two dimensions as in the original scale and the total explained variance is 65.970%. The goodness of fit values of the scale were determined as RMSEA = 0.069, NFI = 0.949, CFI = 0.961, GFI = 0.943, AGFI = 0.917, IFI = 0.961, TLI = 0.952, RMR = 0.036 and it was found to be within the accepted values. Finally, the Cronbach alpha value of the scale was determined to be 0.868. Conclusion:The COVID -19 vaccine literacy scale is a valid and reliable tool that can be used. At the same time, the scale is to evaluate how individuals have obtained information about the COVID -19 vaccine, and their ability to gather and understand information about the vaccine. Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, bireylerin Covid-19 aşı okuryazarlık düzeyini ölçmek için kullanılacak geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçeği Türkçe' ye uyarlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kronik hastalıklarda sağlık okuryazarlığının değerlendirilmesi için Ishikawa ve meslektaşları tarafından geliştirilen ve Biasio ve meslektaşları tarafından Covid-19 aşı okuryazarlığı olarak uyarlanan ölçek kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin Türkçe uyarlamasında doğrulayıcı ve keşfedici faktör analizi ve güvenilirlik analizi yapılmıştır. Örneklem seçiminde kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 596 birey oluşturmaktadır. Bulgular: Araştırma da katılım gösterenlerin, %60,6'sı kadın ve %39,4'ü erkeklerden oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca, katılımcıların %34,1'ni Y kuşağı, %28,2'sini X kuşağı, %27,9'nu Z kuşağı ve %9,9'nu Bebek Patlaması kuşağı oluşturmaktadır. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin örneklem yeterliliği test sonucu değeri 0,905 ve Barlett's testi anlamlıdır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizine göre orijinal ölçekteki gibi iki boyuta ayırılmakta ve toplam açıklanan varyansı %65,970'dir. Ölçeğin uyum iyiliği değerleri, RMSEA= 0,069, NFI= 0,949, CFI= 0,961, GFI= 0,943, AGFI= 0,917, IFI = 0,961, TLI= 0,952, RMR=0,036 olarak tespit edilmiş ve kabul edilen değerlerde olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Son olarak ölçeğin Cronbach alfa değeri 0,868 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç:Covid-19 aşı okuryazarlığı ölçeğinin kullanılabilecek ...

The study aims to identify health care workers' risk of COVID-19 and to determine employees' views on working conditions and the fight against COVID-19 in general, and to present their concerns. The study utilized a survey form developed by researchers as a data collection tool. The research was conducted on 736 health workers in the Turkish population using the online survey method. Descriptive statistical methods, chi-square analysis, and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. The data was carried out in a 95% confidence range.According to the study's findings, 31.7% of the health care workers involved in the study had contact with 19 cases of COVID-19; 27.3% provided services to patients diagnosed with COVID-19. There is a relationship between the professional groups of health care workers who have been contacted by COVID-19 cases and the professional groups of those who provide services. Among the participants, only 35 people had a diagnostic test, 15 of which were positive for COVID-19 results. Although health care workers find working conditions and authorities to be moderate in tackling COVID-19, their anxiety levels are high. Although health care workers provide services to COVID-19 diagnosed patients, they are not protected against the risk of infection by adequate testing. The risk of transmission threatens more groups of nurses. Considering that COVID-19 is a global threat, measures should be taken to protect health care workers and their families and professional support should be given to address their concerns.

No abstract