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Study of drug-excipient interactions is a crucial step in preformulation stage of drug development to achieve consistent chemical, physical, bioavailability, manufacturability and stability of the dosage form.In pre-formulation studies, it is important to use thermoanalytical and spectroscopic methods. These are important systems for achieving a suitable formulation. Sildenafil is a well-tolerated and highly effective treatment for erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction was revolutionized with the development of a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase type 5. Thermogravimetric analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and X-ray Powder Diffraction systems were used in the investigation and to determine the possible interactions between sildenafil and some excipients like butylated hydroxyanisole, cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ascorbic acid, and citric acid. Binary mixtures of drug:excipient=1:1 (mass/mass) have been analyzed. According to the results, there is incompatibility with butylated hydroxyanisole, ascorbic acid, and citric acid.

Estriol, is a major urinary estrogen hormone. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to assess the compatibility between estriol and drug excipients (1:1; w/w). In this study, thermodynamic and spectroscopic data obtained from pure estriol and mixtures of pure estriol with pharmaceutical excipients were compared. Preliminary studies using thermal and spectroscopic technique implied the compatibility of mannitol, calcium phosphate dibasic, sucrose, butylated hydroxyanisole, cellulose, lactose, magnesium stearate, talc and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with the drug estriol. As a result of the experimental study, there is incompatibility of estriolmannitol, estriol-sucrose, estriol-lactose and estriol-magnesium stearate.

Organik tarım üretiminin kontrollü bir biçimde yapılması, kullanılacak organik gübrenin kolay ulaşılabilir ve maliyetinin düşük olmasının istenilmesi gibi nedenler mevcut organik gübrenin kalitesini artırmak ve alternatif organik gübre geliştirmek üzerine bilimsel çalışmalara ilgiyi artırmıştır. Bu çalışmada Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi salyangoz çiftliğinde üretimi yapılan Helix aspera ve Achatina fulica türü salyangozların gübrelerinin fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri incelenmiş ve gübrelerin pH'

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