The study aimed to evaluate Persian version of the TSAI-2011 to determine successful aging issues in older adults. In a psychometric study, the instrument was completed by 400 men and women aged 60 and above and the Rasch partial credit model was used. The PCM indicated that items 1 and 20 were misfitting. Also, it successive response categories for all items were located in the expected order and version of TSAI with 22-items had more internal consistency. Although Rasch analysis indicated to relevant of TSAI 22-Items, it should be evaluated in further studies and divergent cultures.

Background and Objectives:The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its related factors in the survivors of Covid-19. Materials and Methods:In this descriptive study 413 patients who had a history of hospitalization due to covid-19 disease were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results: Out of 402 participants, 148 participants (36.8%) had PTSD. In addition, suffering from coronary heart disease (OR=1.80, p<0.001) and adverse mental health status (OR=1.21, p<0.001) increased the odds ratio of PTSD by 80% and 21%, respectively. Conclusion:This study showed that more than one-third of the survivors of Covid-19 have PTSD. Therefore, it is recommended mental health status screening be integrated into the discharge plans of these patients.

Background: Illegal drug abuse is an important challenge that is not adequately addressed with respect to gerontology in rural areas. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 641 people aged 60 years or older supported by rural health centers in Southern Iran were investigated (310 and 331 men and women, respectively). To take a sample size of 326, snowball sampling was used. Then, the sample size was developed and simulated to 1.65 million rural elderly using the Monte Carlo simulation and bootstrapping technique (upon the 2016 national census), calculated in SPSS V.25. The ASSIST-WHO, 2017 instrument was used to collect the data. Results: A significant difference was found between the mean sub-variables of marital status using the MANOVA. Widowhood and divorce had more impact on the tendency to addiction compared to the other factors on marital status. Nomads and farmers were more vulnerable to be addicted than those occupied in the public sector. It was also confirmed by the Eta2 coefficient that older men feeling loneliness have a higher tendency to commit risky behaviors. Conclusions: Being a nomad or framer and widowhood and divorce increased the tendency of male elderly towards illegal drugs. Further studies are required to develop guidelines for policy-makers concerning the rural aging community.

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