The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's (KSA) experience of rapid socioeconomic change, had given rise to new public health challenges and extensive health reforms [1-3]. The 2017 Lancet review of the prevalence of Low Back Pain (LBP) in the adult general population concluded that prevalence was greater in high-income countries (30%) than in low-income countries (18.2%) and more common in females than males [4]. Thus, LBP has been recognized by governments as a major public health issue and a serious challenge for healthcare systems, leading to the declaration of a 'call for action' [5,6]. The prevalence and incidence of LBP in the Saudi Arabian general population, and the factors associated with LBP are not clear and they vary in the literature. Most of the findings are presented in secondary analyses and are derived from studies evaluating work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) problems. However, with this growing evidence base it is now time to bring that literature