Premature infants with HPS have a higher female preponderance than expected. Ultrasound measurements in premature infants with HPS are not affected by weight, corrected gestational age or duration of symptoms. In addition, they have a longer hospital stay and increased complication rate compared to term infants.

Pelvic ultrasonography failed to identify Mullerian structures in 40 % of patients with complex DSD. On the contrary, laparoscopy allowed excellent visualization of pelvic structures and gonads in children with complex DSD.

No abstract

No abstract

This is one of the largest series showing the current practice in managing preterm infants with inguinal hernia. There are limitations to this study and the follow-up period is short. The value of contralateral groin exploration in premature neonates remains doubtful and we have shown that the overall practice has changed.