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Peripheral blood T lymphocytes obtained from two patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) were immortalized with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). These cells showed interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent cell growth in culture. Cell surface analysis showed that they had the phenotype of a helper/inducer T subset that was positive for CD2, CD3, and CD4, but negative for CD8, similar to adult T-cell leukemia cells induced by HTLV-1. These cell lines lacked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins, CDw52, CD55 (decay-accelerating factor; DAF), and CD59 on the cell surface, whereas intracellular DAF protein was detected. These T-subset cell lines with a PNH phenotype did not synthesize GPI anchor, whereas a control cell line, similarly prepared from the T cells of a healthy volunteer, produced the anchor. The control cells expressed CDw52, DAF, and CD59 on the cell surface and showed the phenotype of a helper/inducer subset. Southern blot analysis confirmed the clonality of each cell line. These CD4+ T-cell lines with a PNH phenotype and a subset-matched control counterpart could be a useful model for PNH investigation.