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In recent years, there has been a growing interest in autonomous ships, and efforts to realize autonomous ships are underway in Japan. Automated and unmanned ships are expected to improve safety by reducing accidents caused by human with the supports by the automated system. On the other hand, it is necessary to demonstrate that the autonomous ships are safely operated to implement the autonomous ships in society. The National Maritime Research Institute (NMRI) has been studying the evaluation method of safety of the autonomous ships and developing a simulation system as a tool for the evaluation. This paper introduces a comprehensive simulation system including a ship handling simulator, and the evaluation method using the simulation system.

It is effective for prevention of recurrence of a marine accident particularly the collision that a ship operator grasps the risk for the accident of the target sea area. Therefore a Hazard map of Marine Accidents was made in Japan Transport Safety Board. It displays accident point on the map. Thus, a sea area in which many collisions frequently occurs can be known at a glance. Then we have analyzed an occurrence trend of collisions in Tokyo Bay and considered the utilization method of collision occurrence point information when making a navigation plan. We used only accident information so far. But dangerous encounters, such as near-miss, occur more than accidents. So we consider incidents are an important element in characteristics of target area. In this study, we have shown the potential risk area of collision where has no accidents before. Therefore, we used not only accidents' information but also AIS information. From AIS information, near miss cases were extracted. Then their density distribution, calculated by kernel estimator, displayed on a map.