The aim of this study is to estimate the allelic frequencies of Bahraini population using the AmpFlSTR Identifiler® PCR kit which includes 15 universal Short Tandem Repeats (STR) loci. The samples were buccal swabs collected from 302 unrelated individuals from Kingdom of Bahrain. They are selected randomly from Bahraini population in a where to conduct this study. After going through the whole DNA extraction, quantification, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification, Short Tandem Repeats (STR) typing and statistical analysis we got valuable data and results. The most frequent allele types for each locus were: (D8S1179: 13, D21S11: 29, D7S820: 10, CSF1PO: 11, D3S1358: 16, TH01: 7, D13S317: 12, D16S539: 11, D2S1338: 23, D19S433: 13, vWA: 17, TPOX: 8, D18S51: 14, D5S818: 12, FGA: 23). The highest allele frequencies from them were 0.5 for TPOX: 8, 0.3692 for D5S818: 12 and 0.3626 for D16S539: 11. Maximum Homozygosity (H) was 0.3576 shown in TPOX locus. On the other hand, Maximum Heterozygosity (H2) was 0.9106 shown in D2S1338 locus. As expected the most polymorphic loci which had the highest Polymorphic Information Content were the most discriminating ones: D2S1338 (0.9717), D18S51 (0.9668), FGA (0.9640), while the least discriminated locus was TPOX (0.7202), as the discrimination powers (PD) ranged from 0.7202 (TPOX), to 0.9718 (D2S1338). A t-test was applied to the data generated, and therefore it was
normally distributed.
