We utilise 3D design and 3D printing techniques to fabricate a number of miniaturised fluidic 'reactionware' devices for chemical syntheses in just a few hours, using inexpensive materials producing reliable and robust reactors. Both two and three inlet reactors could be assembled, as well as one-inlet devices with reactant 'silos' allowing the introduction of reactants during the fabrication process of the device. To demonstrate the utility and versatility of these devices organic (reductive amination and alkylation reactions), inorganic (large polyoxometalate synthesis) and materials (gold nanoparticle synthesis) processes were efficiently carried out in the printed devices.

SummaryWe present a study in which the versatility of 3D-printing is combined with the processing advantages of flow chemistry for the synthesis of organic compounds. Robust and inexpensive 3D-printed reactionware devices are easily connected using standard fittings resulting in complex, custom-made flow systems, including multiple reactors in a series with in-line, real-time analysis using an ATR-IR flow cell. As a proof of concept, we utilized two types of organic reactions, imine syntheses and imine reductions, to show how different reactor configurations and substrates give different products.

An extraordinarily interesting series of metal-organic framework compounds are the isostructural microporous coordination polymers [M 2 (dhtp)] (CPO-27-M, M-MOF-74 or M 2 (dobdc)) in which a high concentration of coordinatively unsaturated metal sites results in high initial heats of adsorption for a variety of adsorbents. We present here a comparative study of hydrogen gas adsorption experiments on CPO-27-Cu and -Mn, which show significant differences in their hydrogen uptake behaviours which can be attributed to the difference in interaction between hydrogen and the respective metal cation incorporated in the framework structure. Inelastic neutron scattering and neutron diffraction experiments were carried out to gain additional insight into the adsorption processes leading to the difference in hydrogen uptake behaviour by the two compounds. On the basis of the experimental results the hydrogen uptake properties of CPO-27-Cu and -Mn are compared, and finally related to the properties of the other members of the CPO-27 series. It is found that CPO-27-Cu demonstrates the lowest isosteric heat of adsorption for H 2 of all the CPO-27-M materials reported to date, where M ¼ Ni, Co, Mg, Zn, Mn, and Fe, whereas CPO-27-Mn demonstrates the second lowest. While all the previously reported CPO-27 materials show two steps in the adsorption isotherm and two distinct values corresponding to the first and second adsorption sites in the heats of adsorption, these are not observed for CPO-27-Cu. Consequently, the open metal site and the second adsorption site are energetically equivalent, and there is no preference for the hydrogen gas at the open metal centre.Fig. 2 Reference isotherm showing two step hydrogen adsorption for CPO-27-Ni, in a semi-logarithmic plot. 18 J. Mater. Chem. A This journal is

Three organic-inorganic hybrid Mn-Anderson polyoxometalates (POMs), with both symmetrical and asymmetrical appended groups, have been synthesized, identified using electrospray mass spectrometry, and isolated using an approach that allows the three AA, BB, and AB compounds to be structurally characterized. Investigation of the self-assembly of the hybrids on hydrophilic surfaces reveals the formation of nanofibres with characteristics that reflect the nature of the substitution of the POM yielding a route to the programmed assembly of anisotropic hybrid nanostructures.