The detection rate of bladder tumours for the CTU protocol including an enhancement-triggered scan was high and comparable to flexible cystoscopy. Hence, this protocol could be used to assess the bladder as the primary investigation and direct further investigation of the patient.

• More bladder tumours are detected during the corticomedullary phase than during other phases. • Sensitivity and NPV for bladder cancer detection were highest in corticomedullary phase. • The corticomedullary phase in CT urography should be used for bladder assessment.

The contrast enhancement is significantly higher in the CMP than in the NP and EP, suggesting that the CMP is preferable when assessing the bladder in the early contrast enhancing phase.

No abstract