Abstract:We review existing machine condition monitoring techniques and industrial automation for plant-wide condition monitoring of rotating electrical machines. Cost and complexity of a condition monitoring system increase with the number of measurements, so extensive condition monitoring is currently mainly restricted to the situations where the consequences of poor availability, yield or quality are so severe that they clearly justify the investment in monitoring. There are challenges to obtaining plant-wide monitoring that includes even small machines and non-critical applications. One of the major inhibiting factors is the ratio of condition monitoring cost to equipment cost, which is crucial to the acceptance of using monitoring to guide maintenance for a large fleet of electrical machinery. Ongoing developments in sensing, communication and computation for industrial automation may greatly extend the set of machines for which extensive monitoring is viable.

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Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) is technology to improve situational awareness and visibility within power system of today's and future grids. It uses real time synchro phasor data to measure the state of grid that enables improvement in stability and reliability of power grid. WAMS architecture plays an important role in these real time and data intensive systems. Proper selection of WAMS architecture helps immensely in achieving the benefits of WAMS technology namely increase in stability and reliability of grid. The factors like PMU data acquisition, decision making based on PMU data and the enactment of actions based on decision making determine the architecture details of WAMS. This paper discusses how different combinations of these factors lead to different realizable types of WAMS architectures. In addition, this paper also presents detailed comparison of all WAMS architectures to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of implementing each one of them based on WAMS features like WAMS data communication, data security, data storage, alarm/event management, system availability etc. The paper concludes with summarizing the architecture options and their possible use cases.