<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study is to compare the tomographic findings to the nasal endoscopy findings in patients with chronic sino-nasal diseases. This study aims to compare CT scan and DNE in sino-nasal diseases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>50<strong> </strong>Patients attending ENT, OPD, BTGH with any sino-nasal complaints lasting for more than 4 weeks and not responding to medical line of management. Patients are selected by random sampling method. Patients were evaluated with CT scan and DNE.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The most common co-morbidity found among the patients is chronic rhino sinusitis in 31 cases (62%). Middle meatal purulent secretions are the most obvious finding in DNE evaluation seen in 31 (62%) cases. Anterior ethmoidal sinus haziness is seen in 37 (74%) cases on CT scan with majority of cases showing associated sinus involvement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Thereby indicating that in all patients with sino nasal diseases both CT scan and DNE has to be done, to know the exact pathology and to plan for further management. Both CT scan and DNE are complimentary to each other.</p>

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">To evaluate the graft uptake rate of the type1 tympanoplasty performed by underlay technique using autologous temporalis fascia graft for the last two years and to assess the hearing improvement in the successfully operated cases with respect to age, sex, size and location of perforation. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This prospective Study included 50 patients, who underwent type1tympanoplasty.All operations are performed using an underlay technique and by postural approach. In all the cases, temporalis fascia is used for the reconstruction of TM.<strong> </strong>The data of all the patients regarding preoperative disease, perforation size and location, surgical approach, graft material, pre and postoperative clinical and functional (hearing evaluation by pure-tone audiogram) results are analyzed.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Successful closure rate of the TM perforation is 88% and the graft failure rate is 12%. In this study, lowest and highest age of patients at presentation is 13 and 55 years respectively with a mean age of 26.6 years. Most common approaches is post aural. The mean pre and post-operative air conduction threshold in the successful cases are 33.34 dB and 20.20 dB respectively with a mean audiological improvement of around 13 dB. The improvement in the hearing is achieved in only 88% (44 out of 50) among the successful operated type 1 tympanoplasty. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Type 1 tympanoplasty is a safe and effective technique to improve the quality of life of patients. The most common approach is postural. The graft uptake rate is better at three months. The improvement in hearing is noted irrespective of age, sex, size and location of perforation.</span></p>

done by screening all the newborns or by screening newborns with high risk factors.This study is an effort to assess the role of OAE and BERA in hearing loss and to screen both normal babies and high-risk babies to know the incidence among them.With early detection using otoacoustic emission (OAE) and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA), we can ensure normal language development by appropriate intervention like hearing aids and infant stimulation.The prevalence of mild to profound hearing loss is reported to be 1.1 to 6 per 1000 live births and 2.5% to 10% among high risk infants. ABSTRACT Background:Hearing is necessary to learn languages and speech and to develop cognitive skills. As hearing is important for normal educational and social development, hearing loss can be disastrous and for the family it can be very distressing. With early detection of hearing loss using OAE and BERA, we can ensure normal language development and help the growing child to lead a near normal life. Methods: 500 cases-out of which 400 normal babies and 100 high risk babies are taken for the study who attend Pediatric OPD and IPD of Basaweshwara Teaching and General Hospital (BTGH) and Sangameshwar hospital attached to MRMC. Results: Out of 400 cases 2 cases have impaired hearing and out of 100 cases with high risk 6 cases have hearing loss. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for OAE and BERA for early identification of hearing loss and that although universal hearing screening programs are warranted but most of the cases with hearing loss can be identified based on the risk factors and High-risk Screening can suffice in areas with limited resources.

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