Raphionacme vignei E. A. Bruce (Apocynaceae) is a plant of the traditional African pharmacopoeia, whose parts are used in the treatment of various pathologies. Water-soaked R. vignei tubers are edible. The objective of this study was to isolate triterpenoids from the acetonic extract of R. vignei tubers, evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of each molecule. The isolated compounds, characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry, is composed of  six  triterpenoids:  beta-amyrin  dodecanoate  1(DDQ1),  lupeol  dodecanoate 2(DDQ2),  beta-amyrin  acetate  3(DDQ3),  lupeol  acetate  4(DDQ4),  luepol  5(DDQ5)  and β-sitosterol   6(DDQ6).   These   molecules   (DDQ2,   DDQ3,  DDQ4,  DDQ5,  DDQ6)  are anti-inflammatory  in  carrageenan  induced  rat  paw  edema,  with  better  anti-inflammatory power for DDQ2 and DDQ4, which would be related to the presence of acetate function and cycle  E.  DDQ2  and  DDQ4 are also analgesic in acetic acid induced contortions and the removal  test  of  rat  tail  on  the  heating plate. The analgesic action of DDQ2 and DDQ4, superior to that salicylic acetyl acid, identical to that morphine, suggests a central action of these two molecules. The potent analgesic effect of DDQ2 and DDQ4, could be attributed to the presence of cyclopentane and isoprene substitution in position 19 of the lupane family. DDQ2  and  DDQ4  represent  a  potential  for  the  synthesis  of  structural  analogues  with analgesic and/or anti-inflammatory properties.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytotherapeutic efficacy of Allium sativum L. (garlic) as alternative compounds to antibiotics used by farmers in the treatment of coccidiosis in poultry. In this study, 20 chickens divided into 4 batches received only garlic powder in their feed. The results obtained after a natural infestation revealed a weight loss in all subjects before administration of the different products. Following treatment, a considerable decrease in coccidia eggs in the chickens receiving the highest concentrations of the products. The weight gain was more or less high in the treated batches except in the control batches. In conclusion, this study generated biological results. These data support that garlic could be used as alternatives to antibiotics in poultry and many other livestock operations. Although they have important functions, further experiments are needed to elucidate the biological mechanisms behind their use in animals. Keywords : Garlic, intestinal coccidia, broilers