The aim of this study was to investigate the interactive and main effects of parity numbers, parity seasonand parity month on postpartum fertility parameters [ovarian rebound (OR), days open (DO) and number of services per conception (S/C

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Key words: D-Penecillamine, Hypotaurine, Epinephrine, In vitro fertilization, BuffaloIn vitro fertilization (IVF) is a necessary procedure in the in vitro production of embryo. Spermatozoa need to undergo capacitation to be able to perform the acrosome reaction which is required for zona pellucida penetration. Different additives are used to aid in that process, such as caffeine and theophylline. In this study, the effects of IVF media supplementation with D-penicillamine, Hypotaurine and epinephrine (PHE) on fertilization and cleavage rates were assessed. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) containing a compact cumulus cells and normal homogenous cytoplasm were selected. In vitro maturation (IVM) was performed in TCM199 supplied with hormones overnight in a culture conditions of 38.5°C and 5% CO 2 in air. After 20-22 hr. of maturation, oocytes were randomly assigned to five groups of sperm-TALP media (control and four different PHE concentrations) then inseminated. The fertilization rate of the expected embryos were assessed after 22 hr. after staining with aceto-orcin 1% or cultured for 48 hr. to estimate the cleavage rate. The current data revealed that, 25 µl/ml PHE significantly (P< 0.05) improved fertilization (55.93 vs 36.96%) and cleavage (46.15 vs 22.22%) rates when compared to control.

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Key words:ovsynch -Estradiol benzoate -antioxidantsestrus intensityconception rate -dairy cows.The aim of the current study was conducted to improve the first insemination conception rate in Holstein dairy cows by the use of estradiol benzoate and antioxidants in conjunction with ovsynch program (GPG). A total number of 160 cyclic dairy cows (55-67 day in milk, 4-8 years old, 2 nd to 5 th lactations) were divided into 4 groups: G1 (n=40) treated with ovsynch program (control group). G2 (n=40) injected with 1mg estradiol benzoate i.m at the time of PGF 2 α injection in ovsynch protocol, G3 (n=40) injected with 15ml of vitesel (vit.E-Se) i.m at the time of PGF 2 α injection in ovsynch protocol, G4 (n=40) injected with 1mg of estradiol benzoate plus 15ml vitesel i.m at the time of PGF 2 α injection in ovsynch protocol. The expression and intensity of estrus signs were studied using behavioral and physiological changes. The conception rate after first insemination examined using transrectal ultrasonography on the 30 th day from insemination and pregnancy rate was confirmed rectally after 60 days from insemination. The obtained results showed that total cows expressed estrus in G2 (ovsynch plus estradiol benzoate) and G4 (ovsynch plus estradiol benzoate and E-selenium) had highly significantly incidence (87.5% and 95.0%) compared with the cows of G1 (ovsynch group) and G3 (ovsynch plus E-selenium) 52.5% and 60% respectively P < 0.0001. The G2 and G4 had significant incidence of intense estrus signs (82.9% and 84.2%) compared with cows of G1 and G3 (57.1% and 62.5%) p = 0.040. Also, it was noted that the G2 and G4 had highly significant incidence of first insemination conception (75.5% and 80%) versus (32.5% and 40%) in cows of G1 and G3 P < 0.0001. the pregnancy rate in G2 and G4 had highly significant incidence (67.5% and 80%) versus (30% and 40%) in cows of G1 and G3 P < 0.0001. Moreover, all cows showed intense estrus signs had 100% first insemination conception rate compared with 6.7% in weak estrus signs. It can be concluded that the beneficial effects of injection of estradiol benzoate and antioxidant with ovsynch program improve the reproductive efficiency through intensified signs of estrus and increase secretary activity of the tubular tract. These treatments improve the first insemination conception, pregnancy rates and enhances fertility in postpartum Holstein dairy cows.Correspondence to: dr_msm58@yahoo.co m