The condition of cleaning machine-picked cotton in technological processes and the possibility of increasing the efficiency of cleaning pile drums due to changing different surface sizes have been analyzed in the given article. A part from it, the quality of the fiber produced at cotton gins, the impurities of natural and technological defects in its composition were analyzed. It has been shown that insufficient efficiency of cleaning technological equipment, an increase in the proportion of impurities in the fiber has decreased in the amount of obtaining "higher" and "middle" classes of cotton. It has been established that the cleaning efficiency can be increased due to the size of the mesh surface holes of pile drums, the cleaning return of pile and sawn cotton, the impact on the cleaning efficiency of cotton work productivity has been determined. The regression equation, which characterizes their interconnections, was obtained due to cleaning relapses. When cleaning cotton, it has been shown that increasing the width of the mesh surface Holes by 8mm will cause the cotton to get dirty and cause the holes to be in a state of cotton congestion. The character of a decrease in cleaning efficiency was determined in the sequence of cleaning cotton in pile and saw cleaners. The impact of work productivity on cotton was shown in the sharp decline in the efficiency of cleaning pile drums in Sections 3 and 4. Based on the analysis of the results obtained and the size of the holes of the mesh surface of the pile drums be 8x50 mm wer recommended.