No abstract

Background: Cerebro Spinal Fluid (CSF) examination is very useful in patients of suspected CNS disease and the necessity of correlating it with the clinico-pathologic findings which will help in early diagnosis of CNS diseases and guide the further management of the disease. CSF examination with quantification of leukocytes and differential count of cellular subsets in the cerebrospinal fluid is a standard procedure in cases of suspected infectious conditions. Present study emphasises pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid along with other laboratory parameters. Materials and Methods:The study is consisting of 295 CSF samples from patients with clinically suspected CNS infections. The CSF findings were evaluated in all age group patients in relation to cell counts and pleocytosis. Results: In Physical examination of CSF colour, appearance and received quantity were evaluated. Maximum specimen was received in 1 year to 18 year age group. CSF pleocytosis (>5cells/µl) was present maximum (48%) in 1 month to less than 1 year age. Pleocytosis >5 leucocytes/µl was found in 121 (41%) samples out of 295 samples. Conclusion: CSF cell count examination is very common and useful investigation done for suspected various CNS diseases. Infectious and non-infectious diseases of CNS can cause pleocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid. The type of cells depends mainly on the clinical scenario. However it seems to vary with total cell count also, such as lymphocytes predominating at lower total cell counts while neutrophils are at higher total counts.

No abstract

No abstract

that there is no postoperative advantage of adding a pre-operative genito-femoral nerve block [3]. At Medway Maritime hospital, three main analgesic techniques tend to be used: Ilioinguinal/ Iliohypogastric (IG/IH) + direct intra-operative block of the genital branch of the genito-femoral nerve (GF), caudal analgesia with clonidine and local infiltration with intra-operative morphine. Our aim was to perform a pilot study to look at the effectiveness of these three analgesic techniques. Primary aim Assess post-operative pain requirements of the three different analgesic methods used at Medway Maritime hospital in paediatric surgery patients undergoing inguino-scrotal surgery. Secondary aim Assess whether there were any differences between these methods in rates of post-operative complications, including time before spontaneous leg movement, micturition, rates of nausea and vomiting and time to discharge.