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The formation and control of the residual δ-ferrite in Alloy 617/9% Cr dissimilar welded joint manufactured by the single-layer or multi-layer multi-pass overlaying technique were comparatively investigated. The residual δ-ferrite was identified based on its lower microhardness and carbon content than the surrounding martensite matrix and being free from precipitates. Patch-shape residual δ-ferrite was found in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of 9% Cr steel adjacent to the fusion line for the single-layer overlaying weldment, while less and smaller residual δ-ferrite could be achieved by employing the multi-layer multi-pass overlaying technique. Attributing to the optimisation of the subsequent thermal input and heat transfer, the technique utilised in this study was proved to be effective to control the formation of residual δ-ferrite.