The present investigation was carried out to understand the proximate composition, and the secondary phytochemical compounds and their metabolites present in algae, spirulina, chlorella and azolla. Spirulina contains a rich source of crude protein (58.94%), followed by chlorella (47.08%) and azolla (21.82%). The content of crude fat was higher in chlorella (5.68%), followed by azolla (4.00%) and spirulina (1.54%). The crude fibre level was found to be higher in azolla (26.21%), followed by chlorella (2.87%) and spirulina (1.00%). The gross energy was higher in chlorella (4,377 kcal/kg), followed by spirulina (4,183 kcal/kg) and azolla (3,295 kcal/kg). The secondary phytochemical analysis revealed presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannis, polyphenols, saponins, cardiac glycoside and quinones in these algae at different levels. The GC-MS analysis showed presence of 11 metabolic compounds, of which 5 from petroleum etheric extract and 6 from methanolic extract. The chlorella showed presence of 14 secondary metabolites, of which 5 from petroleum etheric extract and 9 from methanolic extract. In azolla, there were 13 secondary metabolic compounds, of which 6 from petroleum etheric extract and 7 from methanolic extract. Therefore, a total of 38 secondary metabolites, which includes 12 different bioactive principle compounds, were identified in these algae. Docosane was found to be present both in spirulina and azolla. Similarly, Tetradecanoic acid was found to be present both in spirulina and chlorella. The remaining ten bioactive principle compounds are species specific, such as 9-octadecenal; and Hexadecanoic acid are for spirulina, Dodecanoic acid; 6,7-Dimethoxy-2-tetralone; 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol; Phenol, 2-methoxy-5-(1-propenyl)-,(E); Cycloheptane,1,3,5-tris(methylene); 4-(6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylenecyclohex-3-enylidene)pentan-2-ol; and Loliolide are for chlorella, and cis-2-[2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentyl]ethanol is for azolla. Thus, these algae are rich in natural organic compounds. Their pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potencies need to be studied.

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This work accentuate the growth performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL) fed with a probiotic bacterium, Enterococcus durans enriched live feed Artemia franciscana nauplii at five different serially diluted concentrations (10 -1 , 10 -3 , 10 -5 , 10 -7 and 10 -9 ). After 45 days of the feeding trial, the survival rate, growth rate, activities of protease, amylase and lipase, and contents of total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate and lipid were significantly (P<0.05) increased, particularly at 1071×10 -7 CFU. The gut microflora of un-enriched Artemia nauplii fed prawns showed the presence of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., Streptococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Pseduomonas sp. The optimized concentration of E. durans enriched Artemia nauplii fed prawns showed the presence of Enterococcus sp., E. coli, Bacillus sp., and Klebsiella sp. The pathogenic bacteria, Citrobacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Pseduomonas sp., were competitively excluded in the gut of prawns due to the colony establishment of Enterococcus sp., Hence, E. durans can be used as a enrichment material of Artemia nauplii for sustainable culture of M. rosenbergii.