No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

INTRODUCTION: With over three million deaths worldwide, COVID-19 is still a global pandemic, hence an urgent need for risk stratification. METHODS: retrospective study, included 245 adult patients admitted to Garnet Health Medical Center with confirmed COVID-19 results from March to May 2020. Further classified into 3 groups; intubated COVID-19 positive, intubated COVID-19 negative and non-intubated COVID-19 positive. Primary outcome for mortality, ventilator duration, ICU and length of hospital stays were compared. Statistical analysis was done by 1way ANOVA and statistical significance defined as P >0 .05. RESULTS: 245 patients were analyzed; 105 intubated COVID-19 positive, 115 intubated COVID-19 negative and 25 non-intubated COVID-19 positive groups. Mean age was 60.45, 63.22 and 65.96 years with male predominance 72.38%, 53.04% and 60% respectively. Caucasians seemed more affected 53.33%, 73.91% and 40% followed by African Americans. Chronic medical conditions included hypertension (63.80%, 68.69% and 84%), diabetes mellitus (44.76%, 34.78% and 48%) and asthma (13.33%, 10.43% and 8%) respectively. Mortality was 45.71% in intubated COVID-19 positive, 34.23% in intubated COVID-19 negative and 16% in non-intubated COVID-19 positive patients. COVID-19 positive patients were intubated for a mean duration of 22.14 days compared to 8.69 days in COVID-19 negative patients. Mean ICU and hospital length of stay were 16.01 and 23.7 days in intubated COVID-19 positive patients, 8.83 and 11.25 days in intubated COVID-19 negative patients, while mean ICU and hospital durations were 2.84 and 12.12 days in COVID-19 positive non-intubated patients respectively; P = 0.0001. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), in COVID-19 positive intubated patients (82.85%), acute kidney injury (AKI) (80%) with 32.38 % needing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). While in COVID-19 negative intubated patients 66.95% developed AKI with 17.3 % needing CRRT and only 5.21% patients developed ARDS. COVID-19 positive non-intubated patients AKI was predominant in 64% with no CRRT and 28% developed ARDS. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 positive intubated patients had greater mortality, ventilator duration, length of ICU and hospital stays. This study identified risk factors and complications that may be associated in COVID-19.