Core Ideas Diagnostics of mineral nutrition in field is poorly developed for potato group Andigenum. Critical dilution curves for N, P, and K were validated in potato group Andigenum. The critical dilution curve serve to identify macronutrient status and to predict yield of potato in the tropics. The critical dilution curves (CDC) for nitrogen (Nc), phosphorus (Pc), and potassium (Kc) obtained from total dry biomass (W) and leaf area index (LAI) were used as a diagnostic tool to determine nutrient status and to adjust fertilization rates in two cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) group Andigenum. The research determined allometric ratios of Nc, Pc, and Kc (%) and nutrition index (NI) based on W and LAI in cultivars Diacol Capiro (Capiro) and Pastusa Suprema (Suprema). Additionally, optimal fertilization rate was evaluated to achieve maximum yields during two growth cycles in contrasting environments of the Andean zone of Colombia. The CDC was validated using W in Capiro: Nc = 6.23W −0.320; Pc = 0.523W −0.198; Kc = 9.02W −0.269 and in Suprema: Nc = 6.74 W −0.327; Pc = 0.536W −0.186; Kc = 6.58W −0.135 and presented higher robustness than the CDC obtained from LAI. Capiro presented a lower dilution coefficient b for Kc than Suprema. The NI ranged between 0.25 and 1.32 with better fit in Capiro and relative yields (RY) starting from 40% without fertilization; for Suprema, null to marginal response to fertilization was obtained, indicating a luxury uptake of N (NI 1–1.5) with RY starting from 70%. Except for this research, Nc, Pc, and Kc have not been validated for cultivars of group Andigenum. The CDC for this cultivated group could serve to identify deficiency, sufficiency, or excess of N, P, and K, and to predict final yield per cultivar under highland equatorial conditions.

RESUMENPara conocer el efecto del manganeso (Mn), zinc (Zn) y boro (B) sobre la distribución de masa seca (MS), crecimiento foliar y expresión de síntomas de deficiencia nutricional en curuba, se evaluaron tres niveles de fertilización: carencia (0), bajo (1) y elevado (2) para cada elemento, comparados con una fertilización completa (testigo), dispuestos en un diseño de bloques completamente al azar. Las plantas de curuba fueron trasplantadas en materas plásticas, con un sustrato de arena cuarcítica, realizando un riego y dos fertirriegos cada semana. Las variables evaluadas fueron masa seca total (MS), porcentaje de distribución de masa seca, área foliar (AF), número de hojas (NDH), área foliar específica (AFE) y relación de área foliar (RAF), además se realizó un registro fotográfico para reconocer la sintomatología de las deficiencias en hojas. Se encontró que en los diferentes niveles de cada elemento hubo restricción en la MS, siendo el nivel de carencia el más limitante. La distribución de masa seca demostró un aumento entre 1-14% de acumulación en raíz para todos los tratamientos en comparación con el testigo. El NDH y AF fueron bastante limitados en el nivel de carencia de cada elemento, y en menor proporción los niveles 1 y 2. El AFE en todos los tratamientos exceptuando Mn0 y B0 fue mayor respecto al testigo. En la RAF todos los tratamientos, exceptuando Mn2 y Zn0, fueron similares al testigo. Signos visuales de deficiencia nutricional en hojas, sólo se observaron en los tratamientos Mn0, Zn0 y B0, evidenciado la sintomatología clásica para cada elemento, acorde a lo reportado en otras especies del mismo género.Biomasa, parámetros foliares y sintomatología en respuesta a diferentes niveles de manganeso, zinc y boro en curuba (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima) Biomass, foliar parameters and symptomatology in response to different levels of manganese, zinc and boron in the banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima)

A non-radioactive PCR-SSCP analysis allowed us to distinguish between European and Asian-American branches of HPV 16, and to distinguish among classes in squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix in Colombia. This method is an excellent alternative that can be used as a screening tool for identification of HPV 16 variants.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes can affect gene expression and thereby modulate inflammation and carcinogenesis. However, the data on the association between SNPs in the interleukin 1 beta gene (IL1B) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are conflicting. We found an association between a 4-SNP haplotype block of the IL1B (-3737C/-1464G/-511T/-31C) and CRC risk, and this association was exclusively observed in individuals with a higher proportion of African ancestry, such as individuals from the Coastal Colombian region (odds ratio, OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.31–3.25; p < 0.01). Moreover, a significant interaction between this CRC risk haplotype and local African ancestry dosage was identified in locus 2q14 (p = 0.03). We conclude that Colombian individuals with high African ancestry proportions at locus 2q14 harbour more IL1B-CGTC copies and are consequently at an increased risk of CRC. This haplotype has been previously found to increase the IL1B promoter activity and is the most frequent haplotype in African Americans. Despite of limitations in the number of samples and the lack of functional analysis to examine the effect of these haplotypes on CRC cell lines, our results suggest that inflammation and ethnicity play a major role in the modulation of CRC risk.

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