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Abstract-This paper considers a multi-pair two-way amplifyand-forward relaying system, where multiple pairs of full-duplex users are served via a full-duplex relay with massive antennas, and the relay adopts maximum-ratio combining/maximumratio transmission (MRC/MRT) processing. The orthogonal pilot scheme and the least square method are firstly exploited to estimate the channel state information (CSI). When the number of relay antennas is finite, we derive an approximate sum rate expression which is shown to be a good predictor of the ergodic sum rate, especially in large number of antennas. Then the corresponding achievable rate expression is obtained by adopting another pilot scheme which estimates the composite CSI for each user pair to reduce the pilot overhead of channel estimation. We analyze the achievable rates of the two pilot schemes and then show the relative merits of the two methods. Furthermore, power allocation strategies for users and the relay are proposed based on sum rate maximization and max-min fairness criterion, respectively. Finally, numerical results verify the accuracy of the analytical results and show the performance gains achieved by the proposed power allocation. IndexTerms-Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), full-duplex, two-way relay, pilot scheme, power control.

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