Introduction: Opioid Receptor Mu-1 or Opioid Receptor Mu-1 (OPRM1) is a prime candidate for pharmacogenetic studies related to the variability of patient response to opioids. This variant is high frequency in Asian populations that is associated with differences in sensitivity and increased need for opioid analgesics in the treatment of pain. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of analyzing OPRM1 in patients receiving opioid analgesics in Indonesia, especially in the city of Surabaya. Method: The method used is the Polymerase Chain Reaction–Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), where the data collected is recorded and tabulated and then analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Result: The results showed that the frequency of SNP A118G of the OPRM1 gene was found to be quite high, namely 58 (72.5%) out of a total of 80 subjects. In 40 male subjects, the GG genotype frequency was found to be the highest at 19 (47.5%). While the genotype frequencies of AA, AG and GG were found to be almost comparable in women. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the frequency of SNP A118G of the OPRM1 gene was found to be high in the Indonesian population and had a high tendency in the male population, although it was not statistically significant.
Mutasi pada gen Mycobacterim tuberculosis merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya resistensi terhadap obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) oleh karena kadar terapi yang inadekuat akibat ketidakpatuhan selama mengkonsumsi obat. Mutasi pada gen katG Ser315Thr (G944C) merupakan salah mutasi yang terjadi akibat ketidakadekuatan dosis isoniazid (INH). Penelitian kohort dilakukan terhadap 100 pasien TB paru BTA positif yang akan mulai mengkonsumsi INH di Rumah Sakit Umum dr. Pirngadi Medan, yang belum mengalami mutasi gen katG Ser315Thr (G944C) M tuberculosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien TB paru mengkonsumsi INH selama pengobatan OAT dengan terjadinya mutasi gen katG Ser315Thr (G944C). Kepatuhan dinilai dengan pemeriksaan metabolit INH urin metode Arkansas menggunakan Taxo urine test strip, sedangkan mutasi gen dengan metode PCR-RFLP. Turut dinilai karakteristik sosiodemografi penderita TB paru pada penelitian ini serta hubungannya dengan kepatuhan dalam mengkonsumsi INH selama pengobatan OAT. Hasil penelitian tidak dijumpai adanya mutasi gen katG Ser315Thr (G944C) M tuberculosis, baik pada kelompok penderita TB paru yang patuh (84%) maupun tidak patuh (16%) mengkonsumsi INH (100% wild type). Berdasarkan karakteristik sosiodemografi, tidak dijumpai hubungan antara umur, suku, tingkat pendidikan dan jenis kelamin penderita TB paru dengan tingkat kepatuhan mengkonsumsi INH selama pengobatan OAT. Simpulan, INH masih sangat sensitif untuk digunakan sebagai obat lini pertama bagi penderita TB paru yang akan mulai mendapat pengobatan OAT sampai pada bulan pertama penggunaan INH.
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