ResumenEsta investigación propone una metodología para el desarrollo de objetos virtuales de aprendizaje (OVA) que busca plantear una solución a los problemas asociados a este tipo de desarrollos en el mercado actual. La metodología se construyó a partir de una revisión del estado del arte de metodologías existentes, que junto a un proceso de entrevista realizado a profesionales

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How close is the relationship between performance technology, performance support, and training? Very close, actually. Both performance technology and electronic performance support (EPS) have their roots in education and training, but in many ways they have transcended their be ginnings and have evolved beyond where training leaves off. This commentary offers a performance technologist's view of EPS and suggests not only that a performance technology perspective is a requirement for the development of EPS, but that involvement in building and implementing an EPS can help people shift their paradigm from training to performance. Implications for the education and training field now and in the future are also proposed.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)-paracrine factors implicated in both cardiac embryogenesis and cardiac repair following myocardial infarction (MI)-on murine bone marrow stem cell (mBMSC) differentiation in an ex vivo cardiac microenvironment. For this purpose, green fluorescent protein (GFP) expressing hematopoietic lineage negative (lin-) c-kit ligand (c-kit) and stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) positive (GFP-lin-/c-kit+/sca+) mBMSC were co-cultured with neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NVCMs). GFP+ mBMSC significantly induced the expression of BMP-2 and FGF-2 in NVCMs, and approximately 4% GFP+ mBMSCs could be recovered from the co-culture at day 10. The addition of BMP-2 in concert with FGF-2 significantly enhanced the amount of integrated GFP+ mBMSCs by 5-fold (~20%), whereas the addition of anti-BMP-2 and/or anti-FGF-2 antibodies completely abolished this effect. An analysis of calcium cycling revealed robust calcium transients in GFP+ mBMSCs treated with BMP-2/FGF-2 compared to untreated co-cultures. BMP-2 and FGF-2 addition led to a significant induction of early (NK2 transcription factor related, locus 5; Nkx2.5, GATA binding protein 4; GATA-4) and late (myosin light chain kinase , connexin 43 [Cx43]) cardiac marker mRNA expression in mBMSCs following co-culture. In addition, re-cultured fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-purified BMP-2/FGF-2-treated mBMSCs revealed robust calcium transients in response to electrical field stimulation which were inhibited by the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) inhibitor, nifedipine, and displayed caffeine-sensitive intracellular calcium stores. In summary, our results show that mBMSCs can adopt a functional cardiac phenotype through treatment with factors essential to embryonic cardiogenesis that are induced after cardiac ischemia. This study provides the first evidence that mBMSCs with long-term self-renewal potential possess the capability to serve as a functional cardiomyocyte precursor through the appropriate paracrine input and cross-talk within an appropriate cardiac microenvironment.

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