Among natural products, Brazilian propolis stands out for being considered a source for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. In the last decade, a new Brazilian propolis has been described, known as red propolis due to its reddish pigment. Since then, numerous studies revealing its major components and pharmacological activity have been carried out. Thus, this research had the aim of performing an integrative review of literature on the biological activity of Brazilian red propolis. Scientific studies in the PubMed, SciELO and LILACS databases were reviewed and analyzed using an inductive approach and indirect documentation technique. A total of 418 publications were found, and inclusion and exclusion criteria were subsequently applied, selecting a total of 18 articles. Brazilian red propolis presents numerous pharmacological properties, especially antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, the chemical composition of this substance is different from other types of propolis already reported in literature, presenting flavonoids never before described. In this way, its chemical characteristics suggest probable therapeutic use for human consumption Keywords: Flavonoids, Apis millifera, bee. Caracterização química e ação farmacológica da própolis vermelha brasileira ResumoDentre os produtos naturais, a própolis brasileira destaca-se por ser considerada uma fonte para a descoberta de novos compostos bioativos. Na última década, foi descrita uma nova própolis brasileira, conhecida como própolis vermelha devido ao seu pigmento avermelhado. Desde então, inúmeras pesquisas revelando seus componentes majoritários e sua atividade farmacológica têm sido descritas. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre a atividade biológica da própolis vermelha brasileira. Estudos científicos nos bancos de dados PubMed, SciELO e LILACS foram revisados e analisados utilizando-se uma abordagem indutiva e técnica de documentação indireta. Foram encontradas 418 publicações, sendo posteriormente aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, selecionando ao todo 18 artigos. A própolis vermelha brasileira apresenta inúmeras propriedades farmacológicas, destacando-se os efeitos antibacteriano, antifúngico, antioxidante e anti-inflamatório. Além disso, a composição química desta substância é diferente dos demais tipos de própolis já relatados na literatura, apresentando flavonóides que ainda não tinham sido descritos. Dessa forma, suas características químicas sugerem provável uso terapêutico para o organismo humano.

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Padina sanctae-crucis Børgesen is distributed worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas; belongs to the Dictyotaceae family, and has proven to be an exceptional source of biologically active compounds. Four compounds were isolated and identified, namely: dolastane diterpene new for the genus Padina; phaeophytin and hidroxy-phaeophytin new for the family Dictyotaceae, and; mannitol first described in this species. Saturated fatty acids as compared to the percentages of unsaturated fatty acids were shown to be present in greater abundance. Palmitic and linolenic acid were the main saturated and unsaturated acids, respectively. Cytotoxic and antioxidant activities were evaluated using human erythrocytes. In vivo evaluations of acute toxicity and genotoxicity were performed in mice. Methanolic extract of P. sanctae-crucis presented antioxidant activity and did not induce cytotoxicity, genotoxicity or acute toxicity. Since Padina sanctae-crucis is already used as food, has essential fatty acids for the nutrition of mammals, does not present toxicity and has antioxidant activity, it can be considered as a potential nutraceutical.