Our study depicts the main sonographic abnormalities of the SSc hand. Using US, we found an unexpectedly high prevalence of joint pathology in SSc without clinically involved hands. The clinical usefulness of US in the assessment of SSc articular involvement either in clinical practice or in therapeutic trials is yet to be defined.

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Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder is a clinical condition characterized by progressive limitation of active and passive mobility of the glenohumeral joint, generally associated with high levels of pain. Although the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis is based mainly on clinical examination, different imaging modalities including arthrography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and magnetic resonance arthrography may help to confirm the diagnosis, detecting a number of findings such as capsular and coracohumeral ligament thickening, poor capsular distension, extracapsular contrast leakage, and synovial hypertrophy and scar tissue formation at the rotator interval. Ultrasound can also be used to guide intra- and periarticular procedures for treating patients with adhesive capsulitis.Key Points• Diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis is mainly based on clinical findings.• Imaging may be used to exclude articular or rotator cuff pathology.• Thickening of coracohumeral and inferior glenohumeral ligaments are common findings.• Rotator interval fat pad obliteration has 100 % specificity for adhesive capsulitis.• Ultrasound can be used to guide intra- and periarticular treatments.