The analysis of business models of banks is a new approach to determining the financial condition and financial soundness of an individual bank and the entire banking system. The definition and analysis of banks' business models allow understanding better financial and economic activities, risk appetite, and management system. The National Bank of Ukraine moves to SREP based banking supervision. Such an analysis involves the verification of banks' business models for their viability and sustainability. No regulatory act provides a precise definition of these concepts. It is still no single approach to the analysis of business models among scientists and researchers. At the same time, traditional methods that focused on the analysis of the bank's capital adequacy, its liquidity, and compliance with mandatory NBU economic norms are not sufficient. The study shows that most researchers use cluster analysis methods with a variety of sets of variables, the number of cluster groups, and business models. To determine the business models of Ukrainian banks, to analyze them, and to form on this basis the risk profile of each bank, the authors proposed an innovative methodology of structural-functional groups of banks (SFGB-method). The method is based on the use of neural networks, in particular self-organizing Kohonen maps (SOM). For cluster analysis, it is suggested to use the system of financial indicators calculated by the National Bank of Ukraine in the SREP system. The cluster analysis allows identifying ten business models of Ukrainian banks. The article describes the features of each cluster and its propensity to take risks. The distribution of banks by cluster and their place on the map depends mostly on the structure of its assets, liabilities, income, and expenses, currency position, as well as other qualitative and quantitative indicators. The conducted research has confirmed that the definition of business models of banks allows forming the basis for introducing a differentiated approach to banking regulation and supervision, taking into account the essential characteristics of each bank, its risk profile, and the main distinguishing features. Keywords: bank business model, innovative approaches, bank risk profile, structural-functional group, bank.
The article presents the authors’ views on the essence of analysis of personnel innovative potential of an enterprise. Using a system approach, the analysis of personnel innovative potential is considered as one of the functions of the management system. The authors’ method of analysis of enterprise personnel’s innovative potential is suggested, within which the goals, tasks, an object and subjects of analysis, as well as stages of analysis of personnel innovative potential are determined. The sequence and essence of these stages reflect the authors’ view of the analytical procedures concerning the object of analysis and allow selecting relevant analytical tools considering the time domain, the structure of personnel innovative potential and other components. The choice of methods of analysis of personnel innovative potential is substantiated, their characteristic is given within the limits of this research.
Purpose – to demonstrate the links between social exclusion and the higher costs of treating customers depending on this social sector, unlike other customers who are neither unemployed nor live in poverty. Design/Method/Approach of the research. In the external study, a survey method was used, supplemented with a method of observation at the study site. The authors of the publication carried out research using the qualitative method, formalized interview with medical staff. This research was done in University Hospital in Wroclaw in 2018. Findings. Any health organization must create good relations inside the organization and mostly from outside. One of them is a patient that the author calls a "customer" as every person spends money on health organization leading to the proper hospital functioning. Decision-makers within the system continuously must make choices and seek alternative ways to measure illness costs. One of the factors that harm the optimization of the health services' scale is the social exclusion phenomenon, which is significantly affecting society. Socially isolated people's problems are deprivation, as a lack of access to the necessary level of high-quality, safe, and effective medical services, and cultural competence to provide such medical services. The ex-post analysis conclusions show that relationships between the analyzed areas and the social exclusion phenomenon have a medium and even large dependency and demonstrate cause-effect relationships. Management of customers with the disfunction of medical personnel social requires using other means of communication and building relationships on facts. The communication model between medical personnel and the customer should be founded on a moderate paternalistic model, which is based on facts and documents. The result will be a reduction in service time, which will affect consultation time, financial savings, and an increase in medical personnel efficiency. Originality/Value. In the research of socially isolated people's health problems, three aspects was distinguished: health problems caused by social isolation, health problems that cause social exclusion, and health conditions that are difficult to treat due to social isolation. Paper type – empirical.
The article refers to an important issue concerning family businesses, which is succession. Often in family companies there is a problem related to continuation of business activities by next generations. What can be the reason for it? Certainly one of the most important is the lack of long-term, strategic approach to the succession issue. Company founders are so absorbed in managing the company that they do not notice the passing of time, do not want to notice that their descendants have the potential to continue the family saga. However, subconsciously they do not want this, they belittle the competence of potential successors, and when it comes to the moment of succession, the problem arises: Who? When? How? These are questions which every business owner must answer. If he does it earlier, he has a chance to achieve success. Acting too late brings him closer to failure, which means liquidation of the company or the least punishment for inaction will be a decrease in the company's efficiency and, consequently, its financial profitability. Planned succession is a process, which is carried out over several years in the company, is a positively creative factor, which strengthens the organizational efficiency of the company, but above all influences the right organics in the company, which cause the right proportions and naturalness in this difficult period of "taking over the company" by the next generation.
The epidemic has affected the business situation in business entities, especially micro-sized enterprises, which mainly work in the service sector. In the event of a crisis, it is the service sector that is at high risk for business. To improve the financial condition of companies throughout Poland, a so-called “anti-crisis shield” was prepared, in addition, the governing bodies of the Lubuskie Voivodeship prepared an assistance plan for entrepreneurs. Its counterpart at the local level was assistance directed at companies in Zielona Góra. The cognitive value of the article is enriched by a thematic study done at micro-sized enterprises operating in the service sector in the territory of the Lubuskie Voivodeship with offices in Zielona Góra.
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