The purpose of this research was to identify reliable tomographic measurements that can detect patellofemoral abnormality and allow quantification of the risk of patellar dislocation in patients with potential patellar instability. A cross-sectional study in 921 patients with anterior pain or knee instability of at least 6 months’ duration was conducted from July 2001 to December 2009. All subjects were clinically evaluated and underwent radiography and computed tomography of their knees. According to their degree of dislocating patellar dysplasia, the subjects were classified into groups for statistical comparison. There was a statistically significant difference in all measurements when the groups were compared, except for external tibial torsion angle. The most sensitive and specific measurements for determining patellar instability were the trochlear groove angle, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance, average patellar tilt, and average patellar height. Patients with potential patellar instability, increased tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance, and patellar height, tilt, and deviation measurements had a greater risk for patellar dislocation. The clinical relevance of this study is to determine measurements that are able to tell us about patellar dislocation risk.

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate interobserver reliability in the presence of chondral injuries of the knee among radiologists, orthopaedic surgeons, radiologists, and orthopaedic surgeons. Methods. This was a prospective, web-based multi-institutional survey, consisting of 6 magnetic resonance exams of knee chondral injuries and a questionnaire to be completed by the participants. Two radiologists and two orthopaedic surgeons were enrolled, with more than 5 years of clinical experience. Kappa statistics test was used to calculate interobserver reliability between participants. Results. Kappa ranged from −0.13 through 0.29 between orthopaedists; from 0.06 through 0.78 between radiologists; from −0.10 through 0.24 between orthopaedists and radiologists. Cases 3 and 6 had skewed results among radiologists: with Kappa scores of 0.78 and 0.53, respectively. Conclusions. Our study reveals that the interobserver agreement between radiologists is higher than among orthopaedists in the evaluation of chondral knee lesions by MRI.

Objetivos: Conceituar e discorrer sobre Hemorragia Digestiva Alta concomitante a varizes esofágicas decorrentes de hipertensão portal. Metodologia: Pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva e qualitativa onde levantou-se artigos publicados no período de 2000 a 2022. A pesquisa utilizou-se as seguintes palavras chaves: Hemorragia gastrointestinal; melena; hematoquezia; hematêmese; sangramento; endoscopia. Analisamos 17 artigos publicados no Google Acadêmico, Scielo e PubMed e de 3 livros obtidos pela plataforma online da Universidade do Contestado. Resultados e discussões: Abordados conceitos atuais da hipertensão portal e suas possíveis complicações apresentamos a importância de um tratamento adequado pois, trata-se de uma emergência médica. Conclusão: O diagnóstico da Hemorragia Digestiva Alta causada pela hipertensão portal é de fundamental importância por ser uma emergência médica. O tratamento dependerá de inúmeros fatores como a estabilidade hemodinâmica do paciente em questão e as comorbidades para sua remissão.

Objective To evaluate and validate the radiographic measurement of patellar height with computerized tomography scans. Methods Measured the patellar height through the lateral radiographic image supported by one foot and sagittal tomographic view of the knee in extension, flexion of 20°, and quadriceps contraction of 40 patients (80 knees), asymptomatic and no history of knee injuries using Insall–Salvati index. There were 20 adult females and 20 adult males. Results The height patellar index was higher in women of all images taken, in proportion. There was no statistical difference of patellar height index between the radiographics and tomographics images. Conclusion The Insall–Salvati index in females was higher in all cases evaluated. Furthermore, it is possible to measure the patellar height index during tomographic study without distorting the results obtained, using to define the presence of patella alta or patella baja.

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